The Germany and the Agricola of TacitusTacitus, Cornelius
History
The Germany and the Agricola of Tacitus
Tacitus, Cornelius
Agricola, Gnaeus Julius, 40-93; Germanic peoples -- Early works to 1800; Statesmen -- Rome -- Biography -- Early works to 1800
40. The Langobardi, [210] on the other hand, are ennobled by, the
smallness of their numbers; since though surrounded by many powerful
nations, they derive security, not from obsequiousness, but from their
martial enterprise. The neighboring Reudigni, [211] and the Avions,
[212] Angli, [213] Varini, Eudoses, Suardones, and Nuithones, [214]
are defended by rivers or forests. Nothing remarkable occurs in any of
these; except that they unite in the worship of Hertha, [215] or Mother
Earth; and suppose her to interfere in the affairs of men, and to visit
the different nations. In an island [216] of the ocean stands a sacred
and unviolated grove, in which is a consecrated chariot, covered with a
veil, which the priest alone is permitted to touch. He becomes conscious
of the entrance of the goddess into this secret recess; and with
profound veneration attends the vehicle, which is drawn by yoked cows.
At this season, [217] all is joy; and every place which the goddess
deigns to visit is a scene of festivity. No wars are undertaken; arms
are untouched; and every hostile weapon is shut up. Peace abroad and
at home are then only known; then only loved; till at length the same
priest reconducts the goddess, satiated with mortal intercourse, to her
temple. [218] The chariot, with its curtain, and, if we may believe it,
the goddess herself, then undergo ablution in a secret lake. This office
is performed by slaves, whom the same lake instantly swallows up. Hence
proceeds a mysterious horror; and a holy ignorance of what that can be,
which is beheld only by those who are about to perish. This part of the
Suevian nation extends to the most remote recesses of Germany.
41. If we now follow the course of the Danube, as we before did that of
the Rhine, we first meet with the Hermunduri; [219] a people faithful to
the Romans, [220] and on that account the only Germans who are admitted
to commerce, not on the bank alone, but within our territories, and in
the flourishing colony [221] established in the province of Rhaetia.
They pass and repass at pleasure, without being attended by a guard; and
while we exhibit to other nations our arms and camps alone, to these
we lay open our houses and country seats, which they behold without
coveting. In the country of the Hermunduri rises the Elbe; [222] a river
formerly celebrated and known among us, now only heard of by name.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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