The Germany and the Agricola of Tacitus — John Shaqi
The Germany and the Agricola of TacitusTacitus, Cornelius
History
The Germany and the Agricola of Tacitus
Tacitus, Cornelius
Agricola, Gnaeus Julius, 40-93; Germanic peoples -- Early works to 1800; Statesmen -- Rome -- Biography -- Early works to 1800
6. Even iron is not plentiful [38] among them; as may be inferred from
the nature of their weapons. Swords or broad lances are seldom used; but
they generally carry a spear, (called in their language _framea_, [39])
which has an iron blade, short and narrow, but so sharp and manageable,
that, as occasion requires, they employ it either in close or distant
fighting. [40] This spear and a shield are all the armor of the cavalry.
The foot have, besides, missile weapons, several to each man, which they
hurl to an immense distance. [41] They are either naked, [42] or lightly
covered with a small mantle; and have no pride in equipage: their
shields only are ornamented with the choicest colors. [43] Few are
provided with a coat of mail; [44] and scarcely here and there one with
a casque or helmet. [45] Their horses are neither remarkable for beauty
nor swiftness, nor are they taught the various evolutions practised with
us. The cavalry either bear down straight forwards, or wheel once to
the right, in so compact a body that none is left behind the rest. Their
principal strength, on the whole, consists in their infantry: hence
in an engagement these are intermixed with the cavalry; [46] so Well
accordant with the nature of equestrian combats is the agility of those
foot soldiers, whom they select from the whole body of their youth,
and place in the front of the line. Their number, too, is determined; a
hundred from each canton: [47] and they are distinguished at home by a
name expressive of this circumstance; so that what at first was only an
appellation of number, becomes thenceforth a title of honor. Their line
of battle is disposed in wedges. [48] To give ground, provided
they rally again, is considered rather as a prudent strategem, than
cowardice. They carry off their slain even while the battle remains
undecided. The greatest disgrace that can befall them is to have
abandoned their shields. [49] A person branded with this ignominy is not
permitted to join in their religious rites, or enter their assemblies;
so that many, after escaping from battle, have put an end to their
infamy by the halter.
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