The Germany and the Agricola of TacitusTacitus, Cornelius
History
The Germany and the Agricola of Tacitus
Tacitus, Cornelius
Agricola, Gnaeus Julius, 40-93; Germanic peoples -- Early works to 1800; Statesmen -- Rome -- Biography -- Early works to 1800
10. No people are more addicted to divination by omens and lots. The
latter is performed in the following simple manner. They cut a twig [68]
from a fruit-tree, and divide it into small pieces, which, distinguished
by certain marks, are thrown promiscuously upon a white garment. Then,
the priest of the canton, if the occasion be public; if private, the
master of the family; after an invocation of the gods, with his eyes
lifted up to heaven, thrice takes out each piece, and, as they come up,
interprets their signification according to the marks fixed upon them.
If the result prove unfavorable, there is no more consultation on the
same affair that day; if propitious, a confirmation by omens is still
required. In common with other nations, the Germans are acquainted with
the practice of auguring from the notes and flight of birds; but it is
peculiar to them to derive admonitions and presages from horses also.
[69] Certain of these animals, milk-white, and untouched by earthly
labor, are pastured at the public expense in the sacred woods and
groves. These, yoked to a consecrated chariot, are accompanied by the
priest, and king, or chief person of the community, who attentively
observe their manner of neighing and snorting; and no kind of augury
is more credited, not only among the populace, but among the nobles
and priests. For the latter consider themselves as the ministers of
the gods, and the horses, as privy to the divine will. Another kind of
divination, by which they explore the event of momentous wars, is to
oblige a prisoner, taken by any means whatsoever from the nation with
whom they are at variance, to fight with a picked man of their own, each
with his own country's arms; and, according as the victory falls, they
presage success to the one or to the other party. [70]
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