The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.Mooney, James
Religion
The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.
Mooney, James
Dakota Indians -- Wars, 1890-1891; Ghost dance
As it spread, one Indian went so far as to declare himself to be
Christ again come to earth, and rode through the streets of Olympia
at the head of several scores of his followers with his hands
outstretched as Christ was when he was crucified. But he was so
ridiculed by other Indians and by the whites that he gave up this
idea and simply declared himself to be a prophet who had received
revelations from heaven.
For several years there has been very little of the shaking or this
mode of worship among the Indians on the reservation, excepting
secretly when persons were sick. Still, their native superstition
and their intercourse with those off the reservation, who sometimes
hold a special gathering and meeting when their followers grow cold
and careless, has kept the belief in it as a religion firm in their
hearts, so that lately, since they have become citizens, and are
hence more free from the authority of the agent, the practice of it
has become more common, especially when persons are sick.
In fact, while it is a religion for use at all times, yet it is
practiced especially over the sick, and in this way takes the
place of the medicine-men and their methods. Unlike the system
of the medicine-men, it has no single performer. Though often
they select for leader one who can pray the best, yet in his
absence another may take the lead. Like the old system, it has
much noise. Especially do they use bells, which are rung over the
person where the sickness is supposed to be. The others present
use their influence to help in curing the sick one, and so imitate
the attendants on an Indian doctor, getting down upon their knees
on the floor and holding up their hands, with a candle in each
hand, sometimes for an hour. They believe that by so holding up
their hands the man who is ringing the bell will get the sickness
out more easily than he otherwise would. They use candles both
when they attempt to cure the sick and in their general service,
eschewing lamps for fear of being easily tempted, as they believe
coal-oil lights to be from Satan.
In another point also this resembles very closely their old
religion. For a long time before a person is taken sick they
foretell that his spirit is gone to heaven and profess to be able
to bring it back and restore it to him, so that he will not die
as soon as he otherwise would. This was also a part of the old
_tomahnous_ belief.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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