The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.Mooney, James
Religion
The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.
Mooney, James
Dakota Indians -- Wars, 1890-1891; Ghost dance
But the tragedy was near at hand. Orders had been given to intercept
Big Foot’s party in its flight from Cheyenne river toward the Bad
Lands. This was accomplished on December 28, 1890, by Major Whitside
of the Seventh cavalry, who came up with him a short distance west of
the Bad Lands. Not having succeeded in communicating with the refugees
who had fled there and who were already on their way to the agency,
Big Foot had made no stop, but continued on also toward Pine Ridge.
On sighting the troops he raised a white flag, advanced into the open
country, and asked for a parley. This was refused by Major Whitside,
who demanded an unconditional surrender, which was at once given, and
the Indians moved on with the troops to Wounded Knee creek, about 20
miles northeast of Pine Ridge agency, where they camped as directed by
Major Whitside. In order to make assurance complete, General Brooke
sent Colonel Forsyth to join Major Whitside with four additional troops
of the Seventh cavalry, which, with the scouts under Lieutenant Taylor,
made up a force of eight troops of cavalry, one company of scouts, and
four pieces of light artillery (Hotchkiss guns), with a total force
of 470 men, as against a total of 106 warriors then present in Big
Foot’s band. A scouting party of Big Foot’s band was out looking for
the camp under Kicking Bear and Short Bull, but as these chiefs, with
their followers, were already on their way to the agency, the scouting
party was returning to rejoin Big Foot when the fight occurred the next
morning. It was the intention of General Miles to send Big Foot and his
followers back to their own reservation, or to remove them altogether
from the country until the excitement had subsided. (_War, 14._)
At this time there were no Indians in the Bad Lands. Two Strike and
Crow Dog had come in about a week before and were now camped close to
the agency. Kicking Bear and Short Bull, with their followers, had
yielded to the friendly persuasions of American Horse, Little Wound,
Standing Bear, and others who had gone out to them in the interests of
peace, and both parties were now coming in together and had arrived at
the Catholic mission, 5 miles from the agency, when the battle occurred.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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