The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.Mooney, James
Religion
The Ghost-dance religion and the Sioux outbreak of 1890 : $b Fourteenth annual report of the Bureau of Ethnology, part 2.
Mooney, James
Dakota Indians -- Wars, 1890-1891; Ghost dance
Drake estimates the whole number of Indians engaged in the battle
at between 800 and 1,000, representing all the principal tribes of
the region, and puts the killed at probably not less than 50, with
an unusually large proportion of wounded. Harrison’s estimate would
seem to put the numbers much higher. The Americans lost 60 killed
or mortally wounded, and 188 in all. (_Drake, Tecumseh, 7._) In
their hurried retreat the Indians left a large number of dead on the
field. Believing on the word of the prophet that they would receive
supernatural aid from above, they had fought with desperate bravery,
and their defeat completely disheartened them. They at once abandoned
their town and dispersed, each to his own tribe. Tecumtha’s great
fabric was indeed demolished, and even its foundations rooted up.
The night before the engagement the prophet had performed some medicine
rites by virtue of which he had assured his followers that half of the
soldiers were already dead and the other half bereft of their senses,
so that the Indians would have little to do but rush into their camp
and finish them with the hatchet. The result infuriated the savages.
They refused to listen to the excuses which are always ready to the
tongue of the unsuccessful medicine-man, denounced him as a liar, and
even threatened him with death. Deserted by all but a few of his own
tribe, warned away from several villages toward which he turned his
steps, he found refuge at last among a small band of Wyandot; but his
influence and his sacred prestige were gone forever, and he lived out
his remaining days in the gloom of obscurity.
From the south Tecumtha returned through Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois,
everywhere making accessions to his cause, but reached the Wabash at
last, just a few days after the battle, only to find his followers
scattered to the four winds, his brother a refugee, and the great
object of his life—a confederation of all the tribes—brought to
nothing. His grief and disappointment were bitter. He reproached his
brother in unmeasured terms for disobeying his instructions to preserve
peace in his absence, and when the prophet attempted to reply, it is
said that Tecumtha so far forgot his dignity as to seize his brother by
the hair and give him a violent shaking, threatening to take his life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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