Doctors are inclined to attribute the excessive anaemia to the fatigue
of long hours of labour in a close atmosphere, continued standing,
insufficient sleep due to the early morning start, and faulty feeding.
The sedentary nature of the clothing industry renders the girls very
liable to anaemia, and though the employers frequently deny this,
the evidence from the Trade Union Secretaries and the Sick Visitors
with their actual record of cases outweighs the observations of the
employers. Witnesses from girls' clubs and evening classes often state
that the clothing trade is responsible for a higher proportion of
anaemic girls than any other industry.
_Gastric Disorders._--Most witnesses report that indigestion and other
gastric disorders are general among girls, though it is often noted
that men and older women suffer more frequently from these complaints.
Seldom is the actual work held to be responsible. Girls working with
powder in munition factories or where the smell of oil is disagreeable
appear to be more liable than others, and weavers who are taller than
the average--only a small proportion--find the constant bending over
the loom aggravates a tendency to indigestion, but beyond these few
cases faulty and irregular feeding seems to be the main cause for the
prevalent gastric troubles. It is interesting to note that hygiene and
physiology classes are doing much to inculcate sound notions of diet,
which, taken in conjunction with increased wages and easy accessibility
of food in canteens, are doing much to prevent gastric disorders.
Irregular and hurried feeding depends mainly on the arrangement of
hours of labour, and can only be overcome when these are based on more
rational lines. One Welfare Worker records a very small proportion of
digestive troubles, and this she attributes to the hour and a half
allowed for the midday meal.[12]
Where work starts at 7.30, as in the clothing trade at Hebden
Bridge, many girls take only a cup of tea or a piece of bread before
commencing work, and then have to wait until 12.30 before they can get
a proper meal. Doctors point out how the long hours of labour in the
close atmosphere of mills and factories engender a poor appetite, so
that nourishing food becomes distasteful, and tea and confectionery
frequently form the staple diet, with disastrous results to the
digestive functions.
_Headaches._--Headaches appear to be extremely common amongst girls in
all the industries reviewed, the reasons advanced to account for this
being variously the noise of machinery, the smell of oil and size,
inadequate ventilation, and eye-strain consequent on close attention to
the work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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