The Glaciers of the Alps: Being a narrative of excursions and ascents, an account of the origin and phenomena of glaciers and an exposition of the physical principles to which they are relatedTyndall, John
Science
The Glaciers of the Alps: Being a narrative of excursions and ascents, an account of the origin and phenomena of glaciers and an exposition of the physical principles to which they are related
Tyndall, John
Alps -- Description and travel; Glaciers -- Alps
No. of stake. Inches.
West 1 moved 7-1/2
2 " 10-3/4
3 " 12-1/4
4 " 14-1/2
5 " 16
6 " 16-3/4
7 " 17-1/2
8 " 19
9 " 19-1/2
10 " 21
11 moved 21
12 " 22-1/2
13 " 21
14 " 22-1/2
15 " 20-1/2
16 " 21-3/4
17 " 22-1/4
18 " 25-1/4
19 " ...
20 " 25-3/4 East.
[Sidenote: CORROBORATIVE MEASUREMENTS.]
As regards the retardation of the side, we observe here the same fact as
that revealed by our first line--the motion gradually augments from the
first stake to the last. The stake No. 20 stood upon the dirty portion
of the ice, which was derived from the Talefre tributary of the Mer de
Glace, and far beyond the middle of the glacier. These measurements,
therefore, corroborate that made lower down, as regards the
non-coincidence of the point of swiftest motion with the centre of the
glacier.
But it will be observed that the measurements do not show any
retardation of the ice at the eastern extremity of the line of
stakes--the motion goes on augmenting from the first stake to the last.
The reason of this is, that in neither of the cases recorded were we
able to get the line quite across the glacier; the crevasses and broken
ice-ridges, which intercepted the vision, compelled us to halt before we
came sufficiently close to the eastern side to make its retardation
sensible. But on the 20th of July my friend Hirst sought out an elevated
station on the Chapeau, or eastern side of the valley, whence he could
command a view from side to side over all the humps and inequalities of
the ice, the fixed point at the opposite side, upon which the telescope
was directed, being the corner of a window of the Montanvert Hotel.
Along this line were placed twelve stakes, the daily motions of which
were found to be as follows:--
Third Line.--Daily Motion.
No. of stake. Inches.
East 1 moved 19-1/2
2 " 22-3/4
3 " 28-3/4
4 " 30-1/4
5 " 33-3/4
6 " 28-1/4
7 moved 24-1/2
8 " 25
9 " 25
10 " 18
11 " ...
12 " 8-1/2 West.
The numbering of the stakes along this line commenced from the
Chapeau-side of the glacier, and the retardation of that side is now
manifest enough; the motion gradually augmenting from 19-1/2 to 33-1/2
inches. But, comparing the velocity of the two extreme stakes, we find
that the retardation of stake 12 is much greater than that of stake 1.
Stake 5, moreover, which moved with the _maximum_ velocity, was not upon
the centre of the glacier, but much nearer to the eastern than to the
western side.
[Sidenote: A NEW PECULIARITY OF GLACIER MOTION.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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