On the 28th of July, 1857, while engaged upon the Glacier du Geant, my attention was often attracted by protuberant ridges of what at first appeared to be pure white snow, but which on examination I found to be compact ice filled with innumerable round air-cells; and which, in virtue of its greater power of resistance to wasting, often rose to a height of three or four feet above the general level of the ice. As I stood amongst these ridges, they appeared detached and without order of arrangement, but looked at from a distance they were seen to sweep across the proper Glacier du Geant in a direction concentric with its dirt-bands and its veined structure. In some cases the seams were admirable indications of the relative displacement of two adjacent portions of the glacier, which were divided from each other by a crevasse. Usually the sections of a seam exposed on the opposite sides of a fissure accurately faced each other, and the direction of the seam on both sides was continuous; but at other places they demonstrated the existence of lateral faults, being shifted asunder laterally through spaces varying from a few inches to six or seven feet. On the following day I was again upon the same glacier, and noticed in many cases the white ice-seams exquisitely honeycombed. The case was illustrative of the great difference between the absorptive power of the ice itself and of the objects which lie upon its surface. Deep cylindrical cells were produced by spots of black dirt which had been scattered upon the surface of the white ice, and which sank to a depth of several inches into the mass. I examined several sections of the veins, and in general I found that their deeper portions blended gradually with the ice on either side of them. But higher up the glacier I found that the veins penetrated only to a limited depth, and did not therefore form an integrant portion of the glacier. Figs. 54 and 55 show the sections of two of the seams which were exposed on the wall of a crevasse at some distance below the great ice-fall of the Glacier du Geant. [Sidenote: SECTIONS OF SEAMS.] [Illustration: Fig. 54, 55. Sections of White Ice-seams.] [Illustration: Fig. 56. Variations in the Dip of the Veined Structure.] It was at the base of the Talefre cascade that the explanation of these curious seams presented itself to me. In one of my earliest visits to this portion of the glacier I was struck by a singular disposition of the blue veins on the vertical wall of a crevasse. Fig. 56 will illustrate what I saw. The veins, within a short distance, dipped _backward_ and _forward_, like the junctions of stones used to turn an arch. In some cases I found this variation of the structure so great as to pass in a short distance from the vertical to the horizontal, as shown in Fig. 57. [Sidenote: VARIATIONS IN "DIP" OF STRUCTURE.] [Illustration: Fig. 57. Variations in the Dip of the Veined Structure.]