XVIII.--THE ERROR OF POMPOUS HISTORY 328 ILLUSTRATIONS FACING PAGE ARTHUR WEIGALL, 1922 _Frontispiece_ THE AUTHOR STANDING UPON THE CLIFFS BETWEEN THE TEMPLE OF DER EL BAHRI AND THE VALLEY OF THE TOMBS OF THE KINGS 16 AN EGYPTIAN PRIEST OR RELIGIOUS OFFICIAL 54 (From a wooden statuette of about B.C. 1800: now in Cairo) A HUMAN-FACED LION, PROBABLY DATING FROM THE REIGN OF PHARAOH AMENEMES III., B.C. 1825 74 Now in Cairo. THE MUMMY OF PRINCE YUAA 94 (The photograph was taken by the Author on the day of its discovery. The mummy is now in the Cairo Museum) EXCAVATING THE OSIREION AT ABYDOS. A CHAIN OF BOYS HANDING UP BASKETS OF SAND TO THE SURFACE 144 (Photograph by the Author) THE ENTRANCE OF THE TOMB OF QUEEN TIY, WITH A NATIVE POLICEMAN GUARDING IT. THE LARGE TOMB OF RAMESES X. IS TO THE LEFT 154 BUST OF AKHNATON FOUND AT TELL EL AMARNA, AND NOW IN BERLIN 164 A STATUE OF TUTANKHAMON, THE PHARAOH WHOSE TOMB WAS DISCOVERED BY LORD CARNARVON IN 1922 184 Now in Cairo. THE ENTRANCE OF THE TOMB OF HOREMHEB IN THE VALLEY OF THE TOMBS OF THE KINGS 192 THE NILE AT PHILÆ, LOOKING NORTH 212 THE NILE AT ASWAN. ON THE HILLS TO THE LEFT IS THE HIGHROAD TO NUBIA 222 TWO VIEWS IN THE WADY SALAMÛNI, EARLY MORNING 252 MODERN EGYPTIAN PEASANTS BESIDE A WATER-WHEEL 262 THE PHARAOH RAMESES II., B.C. 1292-1225 292 (From his statue now at Turin) GOLD CUPS AND ARMLET OF ABOUT B.C. 1000, FOUND ACCIDENTALLY BY A NATIVE IN A MOUND BY A ROADSIDE IN LOWER EGYPT 320 Now in Cairo Museum. The Glory of the Pharaohs CHAPTER I EGYPTOLOGY IN THE OPEN In this first chapter I propose to extol the Egyptologist who works abroad in the field, in contrast to him who studies at home in the museum; for, in reading over the papers collected into this volume, I see that there is a sort of _motif_ which runs through them all, linking them together, namely that the archæology of Egypt, to be properly appreciated, must be studied, so to speak, at the lips of the Sphinx itself.