THE COMING OF APOLLO : ATHLETICS : SPARTA : PALLAS ATHENE : TYRANNY AND CULTURE : IONIA : THE WEST 65 IV. THE GRAND CENTURY THE RISE OF ATHENS : PHEIDIAS : ICTINUS AND THE TEMPLE-BUILDERS : TRAGEDY AND COMEDY : AIDŌS 132 V. THE FOURTH CENTURY ATHENS : SPARTA AND THEBES : FOURTH-CENTURY CULTURE : SCULPTURE : THE OTHER ARTS : LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY 194 VI. THE MACEDONIAN WORLD ALEXANDER AND HIS WORK : ALEXANDER IN ART : ALEXANDRIA : ATHENS AND HER PHILOSOPHERS 237 VII. EPILOGUE 260 GLOSSARY 267 BIBLIOGRAPHY 270 INDEX 275 NOTE _The cameo on the front cover of this volume is from a jasper intaglio, at Vienna, of the bust of Athena Parthenos, signed by Aspasios._ LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PHOTOGRAVURE PLATES HEAD AND BUST OF THE APHRODITE OF MELOS _Frontispiece_ Engraved by Emery Walker from a photograph by Mansell & Co. of the original in the Louvre, Paris. _See_ p. 251. TO FACE PAGE BOY VICTOR. BRONZE, FIFTH CENTURY B.C. 160 Engraved by Emery Walker from a photograph by Bruckmann of the original in the Glyptothek, Munich. _See_ p. 160 VASE PLATE (IN COLOUR) 112 CORINTHIAN VASE (FIG. 1) British Museum, Second Vase Room, Case 8, A 1375 RED-FIGURED VASE (FIG. 2) British Museum, Third Vase Room, Case 17, E 453 BLACK-FIGURED VASE (FIG. 3) British Museum, Second Vase Room, Case I, B 134 WHITE POLYCHROME VASE (FIG. 4) British Museum, Third Vase Room, Case F, D 60 PLATE 1 THE ACROPOLIS OF ATHENS (FIG. 1) 6 From a photograph THE CITADEL OF CORINTH (FIG. 2) From a photograph by the English Photo Co., Athens. In the foreground are the columns of the oldest temple in Greece 2 OLYMPIA: VALLEY OF THE ALPHEUS 8 From a photograph by Alinari. A specimen of Greek scenery in one of the few well-watered plains 3 THE VALE OF TEMPE 10 From a photograph by the English Photo Co., Athens. The famous pass at which a vain attempt was made to repel the Persian invasion of 480 B.C. 4 ASSYRIAN RELIEF: KING ASSURNASIRPAL (NINTH CENTURY B.C.) 18 From a photograph by Mansell & Co. of Slab 36 in the Nimroud Gallery, British Museum. An example of stylistic Oriental art at its highest. _See_ p. 19