If the Glow-worm possessed no other talent than that of chloroforming
his prey by means of a few tweaks resembling kisses, he would be
unknown to the vulgar herd; but he also knows how to light himself
like a beacon; he shines, which is an excellent manner of achieving
fame. Let us consider more particularly the female, who, while
retaining her larval shape, becomes marriageable and glows at her best
during the hottest part of summer. The lighting-apparatus occupies the
last three segments of the abdomen. On each of the first two, it takes
the form, on the ventral surface, of a wide belt covering almost the
whole of the arch; on the third, the luminous part is much less and
consists simply of two small crescent-shaped markings, or rather two
spots which shine through to the back and are visible both above and
below the animal. Belts and spots emit a glorious white light,
delicately tinged with blue. The general lighting of the Glow-worm
thus comprises two groups: first, the wide belts of the two segments
preceding the last; secondly, the two spots of the final segments. The
two belts, the exclusive attribute of the marriageable female, are the
part richest in light: to glorify her wedding, the future mother dons
her brightest gauds; she lights her two resplendent scarves. But,
before that, from the time of the hatching, she had only the modest
rush-light of the stern. This efflorescence of light is the equivalent
of the final metamorphosis, which is usually represented by the gift
of wings and flight. Its brilliance heralds the pairing-time. Wings
and flight there will be none: the female retains her humble larval
form, but she kindles her blazing beacon.
The male, on his side, is fully transformed, changes his shape,
acquires wings and wing-cases; nevertheless, like the female, he
possesses, from the time when he is hatched, the pale lamp of the end
segment. This luminous aspect of the stern is characteristic of the
entire Glow-worm tribe, independently of sex and season. It appears
upon the budding grub and continues throughout life unchanged. And we
must not forget to add that it is visible on the dorsal as well as on
the ventral surface, whereas the two large belts peculiar to the
female shine only under the abdomen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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