Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
It is not claimed for these conclusions that they are more than
approximate. The data relative to these deities is much too complex to
permit of any more precise or dogmatic treatment, in fact at one time
or another there was identification between them all; but with the
above attempt at simplification in view we shall now endeavour to
present the reader with a detailed account of each of these and other
less important divinities who were regarded as in any way connected
with the personification of the earth or the growth of the crops, their
festivals and ritual.
The earth-deities seem to have been prophetic and divinatory and to
have been connected with medicine, like similar European and Asiatic
goddesses. Some of them, like Itzpapalotl, share the butterfly symbol
with the gods of fire, with whom they are frequently connected. They
are also closely associated with the deer, a fertility animal, and the
eagle, the sun-bird, and their victims were, like those of the sun and
war deities, decked with eagle-down.
TLAZOLTEOTL = “GODDESS OF DIRT”
Territory: Huaxtec, Mixtec, Olmec.
Minor Names:
Tlaelquani = “Filth-eater.”
Chicunaui acatl = “Nine Reed.”
Teteo Innan = “Mother of the Gods.”
Chiquacen acatl = “Six Reed.”
Toci = “Our Grandmother.”
Naui tecpatl = “Four Flint Knife.”
Cocauic Xochitla = “Yellow Bloom.”
Tlalli iyallo = “Heart of the Earth.”
Iztac Xochitla = “White Bloom.”
Ixcuine = “Four Faces.”
Tonana Teumechaue = “Our mother, the goddess of the thigh-skin
face-painting.”
Calendar Places: Ruler of the fourteenth day, ocelotl, of the
thirteenth week, ce olin. Seventh of the nine lords of the night.
Compass Direction: West.
Festivals: Ochpaniztli (“Feast of Brooms”) in the eleventh month.
Symbols: A man eating excrement (“Dirt-eater”); a broom.
Relationships: Mother of Centeotl; one of the Tzitzimimê.
ASPECT AND INSIGNIA
Codex Borgia.—Sheet 74: Here Tlazolteotl is depicted as naked, and
accompanied by a snake. A patch of rubber appears near the mouth, and
her head is bound by a fillet of unspun cotton. Behind the neck a
feather ornament is seen, made of the blue plumage of the quail, and
she also wears the golden nasal Huaxtec ornament usually seen in
connection with the octli-gods. In the Codex Vaticanus B her naked body
is painted white, with yellow longitudinal stripes, and she has the
bifurcated nose-ornament of Xipe. Significantly, perhaps, the shape of
her eye recalls that of the god of flaying, whose eye is usually a mere
slit in the flayed human skin which he wears, and through the mask of
which he is supposed to be looking. She wears the cotton fillet and
ear-plug typical of her.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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