Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Codex Vaticanus B.—Sheet 42: Here Xochiquetzal is adorned by a wreath
of flowers and faces her servant. On sheet 41 we observe that her cheek
is painted with a round red spot, like that of the Sun-god, whilst her
head is adorned with quetzal-feathers, and the quetzal-bird is held
under her arm. She is ensconced on a jaguar skin, and on her head is
the wreath of flowers with two feather tufts, which is especially
characteristic of her. On her face is depicted a red, angular line.
Opposite is the figure of her priest, and between them is a headless
woman, whose head is replaced by a flowering tree. On sheet 39 she is
shown as wearing a quetzal-bird mask and a blue, step-shaped
nose-plate, while her face-paint is elaborately executed. In this
picture is seen issuing from her body a quetzal-feather ornament,
symbolic of a newly-born child. In one hand she holds a jewelled
ornament, and in the other an ear of maize, and she wears the opossum
wristlets applied to women in travail. Her new-born twins are seated
beside her. In another part of this codex she is represented as facing
various male deities in characteristic positions, which are evidently
more typical of her personality than any insignia.
Codex Laud.—Sheet 38: She is here represented facing the tlamacazque in
a kneeling attitude, with her hair dressed in a peculiar manner. Sheet
35 shows her similarly represented to her picture in Codex Vaticanus B,
sheet 39. Her twins are seated one on the instep curve of each foot.
Pottery Figures.—Various pottery figures of the goddess found in the
Valley of Mexico are to be seen in the Uhde Collection, Berlin. In one
of these she is represented holding an infant, and her general attire
agrees with the manuscript representations of her. Her hair is dressed
in the Zapotec style, rising up in two horns and secured with plaited
bands. The shawl or tippet with a V-shape in front is a constant
factor, and in one example is scalloped, in another plain, while in the
third it ends in the chalchihuitl ornament and a bead or ball-fringing.
In the Seler collection is a curious little statuette from Cholula, in
which the goddess is again represented as carrying a child. She wears a
flat cap, almost like that of a cook or chef, the precise significance
of which escapes me, unless it be a local headdress, as some other
examples in the same collection would seem to prove. In a relief found
at Zanja de la Piedra Labrada, near Castillo de Teayo, she is
represented opposite Tlaloc, as if to show her connection with rain.
Her headdress in this place would seem to be a compromise between the
Zapotec hairdressing and a motif representative of florescence. She
wears the same V-shaped tippet, which is here adorned with three
tassels, and she has the stepped nose-ornament. In her right hand she
carries a sceptre of water-rushes, the same as that held by Tlaloc, and
in her left the staff commonly seen in the representation of gods in
the Sahagun MS.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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