Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Raising my voice, I strike the little mirror;
The little mirror has grown weak
In the temple of the octli-god.
The white hair grows moist,
Ripe has the octli become.
I will endeavour to elucidate the above strophes, the obscurity of
which is apparent. The god declares that he comes from Tamoanchan, the
mythical paradise of flowers and vegetation in the west, and that he is
the priest of the sunset and lord of the twilight, both of which are
characteristic of that region. He invokes his mother, or grandmother,
Tlazolteotl, by names with which her worshippers were familiar. He
warns Tezcatlipocâ that he has the power to avert his evil omens,
probably by means of merriment and carousing. The rabbit was the
Mexican symbol of intoxication by octli. This strophe regarding it
comes, as it were, from the worshipper, who states that his god
Macuilxochitl or Xochipilli has created or re-created the rabbit, or
spirit of the octli beverage. Sahagun calls Xochipilli a god of fire,
and we know that he was associated with the sacrificial fire-drill,
which was also the symbol of sexual union and licence. Seler thinks
that this song shows “the relation which exists between the pulque
(octli) gatherings, the deity of feasts and the fire-drill.” [216]
FESTIVALS
Xochilhuitl.—Of the feast of flowers over which this god presided
Sahagun says: “The great folk made a feast, dancing and singing in
honour of this sign, decorating themselves with their feathers and all
their grandeur for the areyto. At this feast the king bestowed honours
upon warriors, musicians, and courtiers.” He states (Lib. II, Appendix
c, xix): “They made each year in his honour a feast called
xochilhuitl.... During the four days which preceded this feast all
those who were to take part in it, men as well as women, observed a
rigorous fast; and if during that period a man had commerce with a
woman or a woman with a man, they held that the fast was soiled; that
the god held it for a high offence, and that he would visit the
offenders with maladies in their privy parts.... Before the feast
everyone deprived himself of the use of chilli pepper. They fed upon a
kind of broth called tlalcuilolatolli, which is to say, ‘broth
decorated with a flower in the middle.’... Those who fasted without the
use of chilli or other savoury things, ate only once a day at midday.”
Those who did not fast ate fermented bread. The people ornamented
themselves with the symbols of the gods “as if they aspired to
represent their images,” and danced and sang to the sound of the drum.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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