Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
The figure on the upper right shows the deity in his northern aspect.
The second division of the tonalamatl and of the cycle are indicated in
its dating and on its helmet-mask. The yellow colour of the god in this
picture is supplemented by the symbolism of a bright atmosphere sending
down sharp rays of light, shown in conventional form by V-shaped
emblems stabbing downwards from aloft. Beneath the god are shown three
vessels filled with the brown-coloured water which falls when the
Rain-god is unpropitious. Indeed, it bears within it the symbols of
death, the death’s-head eye and bony nasal spine. The artistic effort
is to portray water which has been sucked up by the parched and cracked
soil of a Mexican June—water which has been insufficient in quantity,
or has fallen too late. There are present, too, in the picture, the
vampire shapes of such insects as devour the maize, each decorated with
the death’s-head. But, more fatal sign than all, from the pitcher of
the god descends the lightning-axe, wrapped in symbolic fire. The
northern Tlaloc, then, is no deity of plenty, but obviously represents
the Rain-god in his most deadly and terrible aspect. The god in his
western complexion is painted blue, and wears as a helmet-mask the sign
of the third calendar division. A cloudy sky flecked with rain shows
the partial descent of the serpent-like showers, and the maize-plants
beneath him stand in heavy puddles of water. The southern aspect of
Tlaloc (that on the lower left) is painted red, and the helmet-mask is
in vulture form, as in consonance with the sign of the fourth calendar
division. From a cloudless sky dart the conventional sun-rays as
described in the second picture, but beneath the foot of the divinity
are representations of the maize-plant run to seed. Small animals, the
faces of which bear some resemblance to a death’s-head, devour them.
Once again the lightning-axe falls from the jar held by the god,
accompanied by its bright, symbolic flame. The central figure
represents the influence of the Rain-god from the zenith. The Tlaloc
who presides over this situation is striped red and white (the colours
of night and twilight) and he is represented in the normal insignia of
the Rain-god. He is accompanied by the signs for day and night, and the
earth-goddesses cluster around his feet. From the jar he holds are
poured all manner of warlike implements—the atlatl, javelin, shield,
and banner.
The similar fivefold representation of Tlaloc on sheet 28 is believed
by Seler to illustrate his connection with the Venus period.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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