Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
As has been said, the vases in the Uhde collection and in the
Anthropological Museum at Berlin show the Tlaloc face, probably in its
earlier state of development. In both of these a serpentine motif
arches over the eyes and meets in a knot or twist which forms the nose,
while a separate serpent pattern forms the mouth in a moustache-like
manner, the long teeth jutting out from underneath it. Another found in
the Calle de las Escalerillas, Mexico City, is identical with these
last. A stone slab found at Cerro de Zapotitlan, near Castillo de
Teayo, and resembling a tombstone, shows the face of Tlaloc very
clearly, the characteristic feather crown and the long tusk-like teeth
being especially noticeable. Another stone figure found at Teayo is
fully illustrative of the god’s facial characteristics, but the two
serpents twining together to form the nose spring upwards and, after
traversing the position of the eyebrow, end with their tails above this
in a flourish. The back-fan is well represented in this figure, which
has also a mantle and a waist-belt. In a relief found at Teayo in which
Tlaloc is represented along with Xochiquetzal, we see once more the
manner in which the serpentine motifs around the mouth and eyes have
become unified through the exigencies of representation in profile. The
usual insignia are represented here, such as the necklace, the
back-fan, and the short tunic; but certain knots or bows on the dress
lead me to think that what have been commonly taken for sprinklings of
indiarubber gum (ulli) may be small ornamental knots of some textile
material. Vases found at Tlaxcallan and in the Mixtec country show
precisely the same characteristics.
MYTHS
The myth explanatory of the Tlaloquê is found in the Historia de los
Mexicanos por sus Pinturas (c. ii), [253] which tells how the rain-gods
lived in four chambers surrounding a great court in which stood four
immense water-casks. In one of these good water was stored, which
descended upon the grain when it was in process of growth. Bad water
stood in the next, which produced fungus growth, causing the maize to
turn black. When rain and frost came together it was thought that the
third cask had been drawn upon, and the fourth was filled with such
rain as was followed by no growth, or by such growth as grew sere and
withered. Tlaloc, we learn from this account, had created for the
purposes of rain-making a number of dwarfs who made their homes in the
four chambers of his house, and who carried sticks in their hands, and
jars into which they drew water from the great casks. When Tlaloc
commanded them to water a certain tract of country they poured water
from the jars they held, and the lightning-flash was supposed to
proceed from the cracking or breaking of their vessels. This myth is
represented in the Codex Borgia, p. 27, as already described.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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