Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Calendar Places:
Ruler of the fifth day (coatl).
Ruler of the fifth week (ce acatl).
Lord of the sixth night.
Compass Direction: West.
Festivals: Atlcahualco; ce atl (movable feast).
Relationship: Wife of Tlaloc, sister of the Tlaloquê; mother of the
Centzon Mimixcoa.
Symbol: The chalchihuitl stone.
ASPECT AND INSIGNIA
General.—In Codex Borgia (sheet 14) she is depicted wearing a blue,
stepped nose-ornament and a serpent helmet-mask. In the Codex
Fejérváry-Mayer is seen a jaguar’s ear behind the serpent’s eye in more
than one representation of her helmet-mask. In Codex Borgia she wears a
large golden disk (teocuitla-comalli) suspended by a jewelled band. Her
robe has a broad hem, in which the colours of the hieroglyph
chalchihuitl, green and red, with a white fringe, are reproduced, thus
forming a kind of pictograph of her name. The same purpose is served by
a large blue disk in the middle of the skirt. [279] In Codex Vaticanus
B she holds the bone-dagger and agave spike for ceremonial
blood-letting. She stands on foaming water, on which floats a
burnt-offering of firewood and rubber.
In the Aubin tonalamatl she is pictured as standing in a stream, down
which swirl away a jewel-box, an armed man, and a woman.
Variations.—The representations of Chalchihuitlicue in the Codex Borgia
group, where she is dressed in the snake-helmet, are substantially
different from her appearance in the Aubin tonalamatl, the Codex
Borbonicus, and elsewhere.
In the Codex Borbonicus (sheet 5) the insignia of the goddess is
heavily spotted, the significance being by no means plain. [280] The
representation in the Sahagun MS. (Biblioteca del Palacio) also
differs, and in this the goddess is seen holding a rattle and wearing
what seems to be an interesting variant of the jewel hieroglyph.
In Codex Borgia (sheet 57) she is represented along with her spouse
Tlaloc, the chalchihuitl jewel in the form of a two-handed pitcher
separating them. The gods hold chains of jewels representing the four
kinds of maize—yellow, blue, red, and green—and a naked human being
issues from the pitcher, symbolizing the growth of the maize. [281]
Other interesting variations in connection with this goddess are those
found in Codex Vaticanus B and Codex Borgia (sheet 17), in both of
which she is seen suckling a human being. In the former she wears on
the head two bunches of quetzal-feathers, usually part of the insignia
of Xochiquetzal, and she is only to be recognized by the symbol beside
her, a variant of the element chalchihuitl.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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