Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Codex Fejérváry-Mayer.—Sheet 2: The one foot exhibited as missing or
torn off is stuck in the throat of a stone knife. The body-paint has
perhaps been forgotten here, and the facial painting differs from
Tezcatlipocâ’s usual adornment, being perhaps reminiscent of that of
Tezcatlipocâ-Itzlacoliuhqui. The head and neck are wrapped in a cloth
with a fringed hem, and which must be regarded as decked with feather
balls on the surface as in the picture of the red Tezcatlipocâ in
Borgia (sheet 11). He is associated with the crossway in all MSS.
NATURE AND STATUS
This deity is a surrogate of Tezcatlipocâ in his guise of the obsidian
knife of sacrifice, and as such is, of course, representative of the
paramount connection of that god with the obsidian cult alluded to in
the Introduction. He is, indeed, nothing more or less than a
personalization of the obsidian knife; his name implies this and the
picture of him in Codex Vaticanus B (sheet 19), where he is seen
looking out of the jaws of an obsidian knife disguise, affords absolute
proof, if more were required, of the identification.
ITZTLACOLIUHQUI-IXQUIMILLI = “THE CURVED OBSIDIAN KNIFE,” “THE BLIND
ONE”
Area of Worship: Mexico-Tenochtitlan.
Minor Names: Cipactonal.
Calendar Place: Ruler of the thirteenth day, acatl; and of the
twelfth week, ce cuetzpalin.
Compass Direction: South.
Relationship: Variant of Cinteotl: son of Tlazolteotl.
ASPECT AND INSIGNIA
Codex Borgia.—The god is indicated by a bundle having a peculiar object
with two black, longitudinal stripes for a head. At the eye-level a
bandage is worn, and the whole is crowned with a hair wig and bound
with a double-jewelled fillet. The crown of the “head” is also
indicated by two longitudinal stripes which terminate in an involuted
peak, curving backwards. Two malinalli (grass) stripes are worn as a
breast-ornament, and the lower extremities are draped with a flowing
cloth.
General.—The head is more elaborately shown in the Mexican MSS. proper.
Through the peak is thrust a carefully inserted arrow and its anterior
edge is evenly notched. In Codex Telleriano-Remensis and Codex
Borbonicus the face of this personage, who is called by the
interpreters “the curved sharp stone,” Itztlacoliuhqui, is decorated
with the gold crescent nasal ornament of Tlazolteotl and the
octli-gods. That this figure is the god of avenging justice is
indicated by its bandaged eyes, which recall the appearance of
Tezcatlipocâ-Ixquimilli, or Tezcatlipocâ as god of the thirteenth
day-count. The stone and club were used for punitive purposes, so the
figure symbolic of “justice” was thus represented as a hard stone.
Codex Fejérváry-Mayer.—Itztlacoliuhqui is shown here as of a blue
colour, and his face is painted with blue and white cross-bands instead
of yellow and black, like Tezcatlipocâ. He wears Tezcatlipocâ’s
breast-ornament, while in his hair is the forked adornment of
heron-feathers.
MYTHS
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