Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
The interpreter of Codex Telleriano-Remensis states that “Tezcatlipocâ
is he who appeared to the nation on the mountain of the mirror, as they
say, and is he who tempted Quetzalcoatl the penitent.” Elsewhere he
says: “They do not here paint Tezcatlipocâ with a foot formed of a
serpent, since they say that this festival [panquetzaliztli] relates to
a time previous to his sinning while still in heaven, and that hence
happened the war in heaven, from whence wars sprung below.”
The interpreter of Codex Vaticanus A. says of him: “Tezcatlipocâ, here
represented, was one of their most potent gods. They say that he
appeared in that country on the top of a mountain called Tezcatepu,
which signifies the mountain of mirrors.” Later on he remarks that the
god was sometimes painted with the feet of a man and of a cock, “as
they say his name bears allusion to this circumstance. He is clothed
with a fowl, which seems to cry in laughing accents, and when it crows,
Oa, Oa, Oa, they say that it deceived the “first woman, who committed
sin, and accordingly they place him near the goddess of pollution.”
A report on the Huaxtec territory, dated 1579, states that: “They
relate another fable, that they had two other effigies as gods, one
called Ometochtli, who is the god of wine, the other Tezcatlipocâ,
which is the name of the most exalted idol worshipped by them, and with
these they had painted the figure of a woman named Hueytonantzin, that
is ‘our great mother,’ because they said that she was the mother of all
these gods or demons. And those four above-mentioned male demons, they
related, had killed this great mother, founding with her the
institution of human sacrifice, and taking her heart out of her breast,
and presenting it to the sun. Similarly, they related that the idol
Tezcatlipocâ had killed the god of wine with his consent and
concurrence, giving out that in this way he gave eternal life, and that
if he did not die, all persons drinking wine must die; but that the
death of this Ometochtli was only the sleep of one drunk, that he
afterwards recovered, and again became fresh and well.”
Tezcatlipocâ, it will be remembered, is alluded to in the cosmogonic
myths of Mendieta and Sahagun, already related in the chapter on
Cosmogony. The Historia de los Mexicanos por sus Pinturas refers to him
as the creator, says that “he made the sun to shine,” and states that
he was the constellation Ursa Major, the Great Bear, which “sank in the
water.” He also made the Tazcaquavlt, or “tree of the mirror,”
fashioned four hundred men and a hundred women as food for the sun,
and, along with Quetzalcoatl, constructed “the road in the heavens, the
Milky Way.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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