524 De Plano Carpini, _Historia Mongolorum quos nos Tartaros appellamus_, ed. D’Avezac (Paris, 1838), cap. iii. § iii. p. 627, cap. ult. § i. x. p. 744, and Appendix, p. 775; “Travels of William de Rubriquis into Tartary and China,” in Pinkerton’s _Voyages and Travels_, vii. 82 _sq._ 525 Paul Pogge, “Bericht über die Station Mukenge,” in _Mittheilungen der Afrikanischen Gesellschaft in Deutschland_, iv. (1883-1885) 182 _sq._ 526 J. L. Krapf, _Travels, Researches, and Missionary Labours during an Eighteen Years’ Residence in Eastern Africa_, p. 252 _sq._ 527 Dapper, _Description de l’Afrique_, p. 391. 528 Proyart, “History of Loango, Kakongo,” etc., in Pinkerton’s _Voyages and Travels_, xvi. 583; Dapper, _op. cit._ p. 340; J. Ogilby, _Africa_ (London, 1670), p. 521. Cp. Bastian, _Die deutsche Expedition an der Loango-Küste_, i. 288. 529 Bastian, _op. cit._ i. 268 _sq._ 530 J. B. Neumann, “Het Pane-en Bila-Stroomgebied op het eiland Sumatra,” in _Tijdschrift van het Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap_, ii. de Serie, dl. iii., Afdeeling: meer uitgebreide artikelen, No. 2, p. 300. 531 Th. Williams, _Fiji and the Fijians_, i. 249. 532 J. Richardson, “Tanala Customs, Superstitions and Beliefs,” in _The Antananarivo Annual and Madagascar Magazine_, No. ii. p. 219. 533 Lieut. Cameron, _Across Africa_, ii. 71 (ed. 1877); _id._, in _Journ. Anthrop. Inst._ vi. 173. 534 “Adventures of Andrew Battel,” in Pinkerton’s _Voyages and Travels_, xvi. 330; Dapper, _Description de l’Afrique_, p. 330; Bastian, _Die deutsche Expedition an der Loango-Küste_, i. 262 _sq._; R. F. Burton, _Abeokuta and the Cameroons Mountains_, i. 147. 535 Proyart’s “History of Loango, Kakongo,” etc., in Pinkerton’s _Voyages and Travels_, xvi. 584. 536 J. L. Wilson, _West Afrika_, p. 148 (German trans.); John Duncan, _Travels in Western Africa_, i. 222. Cp. W. W. Reade, _Savage Africa_, p. 543. 537 Paul Pogge, _Im Reiche des Muato Jamwo_ (Berlin, 1880), p. 231. 538 Capt. James Cook, _Voyages_, v. 374 (ed. 1809). 539 Heraclides Cumanus in Athenaeus, iv. 145 B-D. 540 Mohammed Ibn-Omar el Tounsy, _Voyage au Darfour_ (Paris, 1845), p. 203; _Travels of an Arab Merchant_ [Mohammed Ibn-Omar el Tounsy] _in Soudan_, abridged from the French (of Perron) by Bayle St. John, p. 91 _sq._ 541 Mohammed Ibn-Omar el Tounsy, _Voyage au Ouadây_ (Paris, 1851), p. 375. 542 H. Duveyrier, _Exploration du Sahara_. _Les Touareg du Nord_, p. 391 _sq._; Reclus, _Nouvelle Géographie Universelle_, xi. 838 _sq._; James Richardson, _Travels in the Great Desert of Sahara_, ii. 208. Amongst the Arabs men sometimes veiled their faces. Wellhausen, _Reste Arabischen Heidentumes_, p. 146. 543 Turner, _Samoa_, p. 67 _sq._