221 Plutarch, _Isis et Osiris_, 20, 29, 33, 43; Strabo, xvii. 1, 31; Diodorus, i. 21, 85; Duncker, _Geschichte des Alterthums_,5 i. 55 _sqq._ On Apis and Mnevis, see also Herodotus, ii. 153, iii. 27 _sq._; Ammianus Marcellinus, xxii. 14, 7; Pliny, _Nat. Hist._ viii. 184 _sqq._; 17.; Solinus, xxxii. 17-21; Cicero, _De nat. deor._ i. 29; Aelian, _Nat. Anim._ xi. 10 _sq._; Plutarch, _Quaest. Conviv._ viii. 1, 3; _id._, _Isis et Osiris_, 5, 35: Eusebius, _Praepar. Evang._ iii. 13, 1 _sq._; Pausanias, i. 18, 4, vii. 22, 3 _sq._ Both Apis and Mnevis were black bulls, but Apis had certain white spots. 222 Diodorus, i. 21. 223 On the religious reverence of pastoral peoples for their cattle, and the possible derivation of the Apis and Isis-Hathor worship from the pastoral stage of society, see W. Robertson Smith, _Religion of the Semites_, i. 277 _sqq._ 224 Herodotus, ii. 41. 225 Pliny, _Nat. Hist._ viii. 184; Solinus, xxxii. 18; Ammianus Marcellinus, xxii. 14, 7. The spring or well in which he was drowned was perhaps the one from which his drinking water was procured; he might not drink the water of the Nile. Plutarch, _Isis et Osiris_, 5. 226 Plutarch, _Isis et Osiris_, 56. 227 Maspero, _Histoire ancienne_,4 p. 31. Cp. Duncker, _Geschichte des Alterthums_,5 i. 56. 228 See above, p. 24 _sqq._ 229 Athenaeus, 587 A; Pliny, _Nat. Hist._ viii. 204. Cp. _Encycl. Britann._ 9th ed. art. “Sacrifice,” xxi. 135. 230 Varro, _De agri cult._ i. 2, 19 _sq._ 231 Herodotus, ii. 42. 232 Festus, ed. Müller, pp. 178, 179, 220; Plutarch, _Quaest. Rom._ 97; Polybius, xii. 4 B. The sacrifice is referred to by Julian, _Orat._ 176 D. 233 Ovid, _Fasti_, iv. 731 _sqq._, cp. 629 _sqq._; Propertius, v. 1, 19 _sq._ 234 Above, p. 41 _sq._ 235 Above, vol. i. p. 408, vol. ii. p. 3. 236 Above, p. 30. 237 Livy, ii. 5. 238 Festus, ed. Müller, pp. 130, 131. 239 The October horse is the subject of an essay by Mannhardt (_Mytholog. Forsch._ pp. 156-201), of which the above account is a summary. _ 240 M. F._ p. 179. _ 241 B. K._ p. 205. It is not said that the dough-man is made of the new corn; but probably this is, or once was, the case. 242 Praetorius, _Deliciae Prussicae_, pp. 60-64; _A. W. F._ p. 249 _sqq._ 243 Bezzenberger, _Litauische Forschungen_ (Göttingen, 1882), p. 89. 244 Simon Grunau, _Preussische Chronik_, ed. Perlbach, i. 91. 245 Holzmayer, _Osiliana_, p. 108. 246 On iron as a charm against spirits, see above, vol. i. p. 175 _sq._ _ 247 Folk-lore Journal_, vii. 54. 248 Communicated by the Rev. J. J. C. Yarborough, of Chislehurst, Kent. See _Folk-lore Journal_, vii. 50. 249 G. A. Wilken, _Bijdrage tot de kennis der Alfoeren van het eiland Boeroe_, p. 26.