The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 01 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
But Diana did not reign alone in her grove at Nemi.[64] Two lesser
divinities shared her forest sanctuary. One was Egeria, the nymph of
the clear water which, bubbling from the basaltic rocks, used to fall
in graceful cascades into the lake at the place called Le Mole, because
here were established the mills of the modern village of Nemi. The
purling of the stream as it ran over the pebbles is mentioned by Ovid,
who tells us that he had often drunk of its water.[65] {p18} Women
with child used to sacrifice to Egeria, because she was believed, like
Diana, to be able to grant them an easy delivery.[66] Tradition ran
that the nymph had been the wife or mistress of the wise king Numa,
that he had consorted with her in the secrecy of the sacred grove, and
that the laws which he gave the Romans had been inspired by communion
with her divinity.[67] Plutarch compares the legend with other tales
of the loves of goddesses for mortal men, such as the love of Cybele
and the Moon for the fair youths Attis and Endymion.[68] According
to some, the trysting-place of the lovers was not in the woods of
Nemi but in a grove outside the dripping Porta Capena at Rome, where
another sacred spring of Egeria gushed from a dark cavern.[69] Every
day the Roman Vestals fetched water from this spring to wash the temple
of Vesta, carrying it in earthenware pitchers on their heads.[70] In
Juvenal’s time the natural rock had been encased in marble, and the
hallowed spot was profaned by gangs of poor Jews, who were suffered
to squat, like gypsies, in the grove. We may suppose that the spring
which fell into the lake of Nemi was the true original Egeria, and that
when the first settlers moved down from the Alban hills to the banks
of the Tiber they brought {p19} the nymph with them and found a new
home for her in a grove outside the gates.[71] The remains of baths
which have been discovered within the sacred precinct,[72] together
with many terra-cotta models of various parts of the human body,[73]
suggest that the waters of Egeria were used to heal the sick, who may
have signified their hopes or testified their gratitude by dedicating
likenesses of the diseased members to the goddess, in accordance with
a custom which is still observed in many parts of Europe.[74] To this
day it would seem that the spring retains medicinal virtues.[75]
[Sidenote: Virbius, the male companion of Diana.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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