J. H. Schmitz, _Sitten und Bräuche, Lieder, Sprüchwörter und Räthsel des Eifler Volkes_ (Treves, 1856-1858), i. 42 _sq._; A. Kuhn und W. Schwartz, _Norddeutsche Sagen, Märchen und Gebräuche_, pp. 393 _sq._; Ch. Beauquier, _Les Mois en Franche-Comté_ (Paris, 1900), p. 90. In Sweden and parts of Germany cattle are crowned on the day in spring when they are first driven out to pasture, which is sometimes at Whitsuntide (A. Kuhn, _Die Herabkunft des Feuers_, 2nd Ed., pp. 163 _sq._; L. Lloyd, _Peasant Life in Sweden_, pp. 246 _sq._; A. Kuhn, _Märkische Sagen und Märchen_, pp. 315 sq., 327 _sq._; P. Drechsler, _Sitte, Brauch und Volksglaube in Schlesien_, i. 123). Amongst the Romans cattle were crowned at the Ambarvalia (Tibullus, ii. 1. 7 _sq._; Ovid, _Fasti_, i. 663); and asses and mill-stones were crowned at Vesta’s festival on the ninth of June (Propertius, v. 1. 21; Ovid, _Fasti_, vi. 311 _sq._). The original motive of all these customs may have been the one indicated in the text. Perhaps the same explanation might be found to apply to certain other cases of wearing wreaths or crowns. Footnote 438: Tettau und Temme, _Die Volkssagen Ostpreussens, Litthauens und Westpreussens_, pp. 263 _sq._; A. Kuhn und W. Schwartz, _Norddeutsche Sagen, Märchen und Gebräuche_, p. 392; Reinsberg-Düringsfeld, _Das festliche Jahr_, p. 181; _id._, _Calendrier belge_, i. 423 _sq._; A. Birlinger, _Volksthümliches aus Schwaben_, i. p. 278, § 437; R. Eisel, _Sagenbuch des Voigtlandes_, p. 210; F. J. Wiedemann, _Aus dem inneren und äusseren Leben der Ehsten_, p. 363; F. S. Krauss, _Volksglaube und religiöser Brauch der Südslaven_, p. 128. Footnote 439: See above, pp. 52-55. Footnote 440: In Nepaul a festival known as Khichâ Pûjâ is held, at which worship is offered to dogs, and garlands of flowers are placed round the necks of every dog in the country (W. Crooke, _Popular Religion and Folk-lore of Northern India_, Westminster, 1896, ii. 221). But as the custom is apparently not limited to hunting dogs, the explanation suggested above would hardly apply. Footnote 441: Catullus, xxxiv. 9-20; Cicero, _De natura deorum_, ii. 26. 68 _sq._; Varro, _De lingua Latina_, v. 68 _sq._ It deserves to be remembered that Diana’s day was the thirteenth of August, which in general would be the time when the splendid harvest moon was at the full. Indian women in Peru used to pray to the moon to grant them an easy delivery. See P. J. de Arriaga, _Extirpacion de la idolatria del Piru_ (Lima, 1621), p. 32. Footnote 442: See above, vol. i. p. 12. Footnote 443: In like manner the Greeks conceived of the goddess Earth as the mother not only of corn but of cattle and of human offspring. See the Homeric _Hymn to Earth_ (No. 30). Footnote 444: Strabo, iv. 1. 4 and 5, pp. 179 _sq._ The image on the Aventine was copied from that at Marseilles, which in turn was copied from the one at Ephesus.