The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 02 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 02 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
Orthodox Roman tradition always
admitted that she was a Vestal, but naturally enough represented her as
the king’s daughter rather than his slave. The god Mars, it was said,
got her with child as she drew water in his sacred grove.[642] However,
when we compare this legend with the similar story of the birth of
Servius, we may suspect that Promathion has preserved, though perhaps in
a perverted form, an old feature of the Latin kingship, namely, that one
of the king’s parents might be, and sometimes was, a slave. Whether that
was so or not, such tales at least bear witness to an old belief that
the early Roman kings were born of virgins and of the fire. Similarly
Caeculus, the founder of Praeneste, passed for a [Sidenote: Legend of
the birth of Caeculus from the fire.] son of Vulcan. It was said that
his mother conceived him through a spark, which leapt from the fire and
struck her as she sat by the hearth. She exposed the child near a temple
of Jupiter, and he was found there beside a fire by some maidens who
were going to draw water. In after-life he proved his divine birth by
working an appropriate miracle. When an infidel crowd refused to believe
that he was the son of a god, he prayed to his father, and immediately
the unbelievers were surrounded with a flame of fire.[643] More than
this, the whole of the Alban dynasty appear to have traced their descent
from a Vestal, for the wife of King Latinus, their legendary ancestor,
was named Amata[644] or Beloved, and this was the regular title bestowed
on a Vestal after her election,[645] a title which cannot be fully
understood except in the light of the foregoing traditions, which seem
to shew that the Vestals were regularly supposed to be beloved by the
fire-god. Moreover, fire is said to have played round the head of
Amata’s daughter Lavinia,[646] just as it played round the head of the
fire-born Servius Tullius. As the same prodigy was reported of Julus or
Ascanius, the son of Aeneas,[647] we may suspect that a similar legend
was told of his miraculous conception at the hearth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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