The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 03 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 03 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
is believed to be exposed from the magic arts of the strangers amongst
whom he sojourns; if they got possession of his shorn hair, they might
work his destruction through it. The Egyptians on a journey kept their
hair uncut till they returned home.(894) “At Tâif when a man returned from
a journey his first duty was to visit the Rabba and poll his hair.”(895)
Achilles kept unshorn his yellow hair, because his father had vowed to
offer it to the River Sperchius if ever his son came home from the wars
beyond the sea.(896) Formerly when Dyak warriors returned with the heads
of their enemies, each man cut off a lock from the front of his head and
threw it into the river as a mode of ending the taboo to which they had
been subjected during the expedition.(897) Bechuanas after a battle had
their hair shorn by their mothers “in order that new hair might grow, and
that all which was old and polluted might disappear and be no more.”(898)
(M162) Again, men who have taken a vow of vengeance sometimes keep their
hair unshorn till they have fulfilled their vow. Thus of the Marquesans we
are told that “occasionally they have their head entirely shaved, except
one lock on the crown, which is worn loose or put up in a knot. But the
latter mode of wearing the hair is only adopted by them when they have a
solemn vow, as to revenge the death of some near relation, etc. In such
case the lock is never cut off until they have fulfilled their
promise.”(899) A similar custom was sometimes observed by the ancient
Germans; among the Chatti the young warriors never clipped their hair or
their beard till they had slain an enemy.(900) Six thousand Saxons once
swore that they would not poll their hair nor shave their beards until
they had taken vengeance on their foes.(901) On one occasion a Hawaiian
taboo is said to have lasted thirty years, “during which the men were not
allowed to trim their beards, etc.”(902) While his vow lasted, a Nazarite
might not have his hair cut: “All the days of the vow of his separation
there shall no razor come upon his head.”(903) Possibly in this case there
was a special objection to touching the tabooed man’s head with iron. The
Roman priests, as we have seen, were shorn with bronze knives. The same
feeling perhaps gave rise to the European rule that a child’s nails should
not be pared during the first year, but that if it is absolutely necessary
to shorten them they should be bitten off by the mother or nurse.(904) For
in all parts of the world a young child is believed to be especially
exposed to supernatural dangers, and particular precautions are taken to
guard it against them; in other words, the child is under a number of
taboos, of which the rule just mentioned is one. “Among Hindus the usual
custom seems to be that the nails of a first-born child are cut at the age
of six months. With other children a year or two is allowed to
elapse.”(905) The Slave, Hare, and Dogrib Indians of North-West America do
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