The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 03 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 03 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M219) In many tribes, however, the power of this superstition to blot out
the memory of the past is to some extent weakened and impaired by a
natural tendency of the human mind. Time, which wears out the deepest
impressions, inevitably dulls, if it does not wholly efface, the print
left on the savage mind by the mystery and horror of death. Sooner or
later, as the memory of his loved ones fades slowly away, he becomes more
willing to speak of them, and thus their rude names may sometimes be
rescued by the philosophic enquirer before they have vanished, like autumn
leaves or winter snows, into the vast undistinguished limbo of the past.
This was Sir George Grey’s experience when he attempted to trace the
intricate system of kinship prevalent among the natives of western
Australia. He says: “It is impossible for any person, not well acquainted
with the language of the natives, and who does not possess great personal
influence over them, to pursue an inquiry of this nature; for one of the
customs most rigidly observed and enforced amongst them is, never to
mention the name of a deceased person, male or female. In an inquiry,
therefore, which principally turns upon the names of their ancestors, this
prejudice must be every moment violated, and a very great difficulty
encountered in the outset. The only circumstance which at all enabled me
to overcome this was, that the longer a person has been dead the less
repugnance do they evince in uttering his name. I, therefore, in the first
instance, endeavoured to ascertain only the oldest names on record; and on
subsequent occasions, when I found a native alone, and in a loquacious
humour, I succeeded in filling up some of the blanks. Occasionally, round
their fires at night, I managed to involve them in disputes regarding
their ancestors, and, on these occasions, gleaned much of the information
of which I was in want.”(1378) In some of the Victorian tribes the
prohibition to mention the names of the dead remained in force only during
the period of mourning;(1379) in the Port Lincoln tribe of South Australia
it lasted many years.(1380) Among the Chinook Indians of North America
“custom forbids the mention of a dead man’s name, at least till many years
have elapsed after the bereavement.”(1381) In the Twana, Chemakum, and
Klallam tribes of Washington State the names of deceased members may be
mentioned two or three years after their death.(1382) Among the Puyallup
Indians the observance of the taboo is relaxed after several years, when
the mourners have forgotten their grief; and if the deceased was a famous
warrior, one of his descendants, for instance a great-grandson, may be
named after him. In this tribe the taboo is not much observed at any time
except by the relations of the dead.(1383) Similarly the Jesuit missionary
Lafitau tells us that the name of the departed and the similar names of
the survivors were, so to say, buried with the corpse until, the poignancy
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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