Tammuz fell in different places at different times, from midsummer to autumn, or from June to September. According to Prof. M. Jastrow, the festival of Tammuz was celebrated just before the summer solstice (_The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria_, pp. 547, 682). He observes that “the calendar of the Jewish Church still marks the 17th day of Tammuz as a fast, and Houtsma has shown that the association of the day with the capture of Jerusalem by the Romans represents merely the attempt to give an ancient festival a worthier interpretation.” M8 Adonis in Greek mythology merely a reflection of the Oriental Tammuz. 11 Ezekiel viii. 14. 12 Apollodorus, _Bibliotheca_, iii. 14. 4; Bion, _Idyl_, i., J. Tzetzes. _Schol. on Lycophron_, 831; Ovid, _Metam._ x. 503 _sqq._; Aristides, _Apology_, edited by J. Rendel Harris (Cambridge, 1891), pp. 44, 106 _sq._ In Babylonian texts relating to Tammuz no reference has yet been found to death by a boar. See H. Zimmern, “Sumerisch-babylonische Tamūzlieder,” p. 451; _id._, “Der babylonische Gott Tamūz,” p. 731. Baudissin inclines to think that the incident of the boar is a late importation into the myth of Adonis. See his _Adonis und Esmun_, pp. 142 _sqq._ As to the relation of the boar to the kindred gods Adonis, Attis, and Osiris see _Spirits of the Corn and of the Wild_, ii. 22 _sqq._, where I have suggested that the idea of the boar as the foe of the god may be based on the terrible ravages which wild pigs notoriously commit in fields of corn. 13 W. W. Graf Baudissin, _Adonis und Esmun_ (Leipsic, 1911), pp. 152 _sq._, with plate iv. As to the representation of the myth of Adonis on Etruscan mirrors and late works of Roman art, especially sarcophaguses and wall-paintings, see Otto Jahn, _Archäologische Beiträge_ (Berlin, 1847), pp. 45-51. M9 Worship of Adonis and Astarte at Byblus, the kingdom of Cinyras. The kings of Byblus. 14 The ancients were aware that the Syrian and Cyprian Aphrodite, the mistress of Adonis, was no other than Astarte. See Cicero, _De natura deorum_, iii. 23. 59; Joannes Lydus, _De mensibus_, iv. 44. On Adonis in Phoenicia see W. W. Graf Baudissin, _Adonis und Esmun_ (Leipsic, 1911), pp. 71 _sqq._ 15 As to Cinyras, see F. C. Movers, _Die Phoenizier_, i. 238 _sqq._, ii. 2. 226-231; W. H. Engel, _Kypros_ (Berlin, 1841), i. 168-173, ii. 94-136; Stoll, _s.v._ “Kinyras,” in W. H. Roscher’s _Lexikon der griech. und röm. Mythologie_, ii. 1189 _sqq._ Melito calls the father of Adonis by the name of Cuthar, and represents him as king of the Phoenicians with his capital at Gebal (Byblus). See Melito, “Oration to Antoninus Caesar,” in W. Cureton’s _Spicilegium Syriacum_ (London, 1855), p. 44.