The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 05 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 05 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
100 It is described by ancient writers and figured on coins. See
Tacitus, _Hist._ ii. 3; Maximus Tyrius, _Dissert._ viii. 8; Servius
on Virgil, _Aen._ i. 720; T. L. Donaldson, _Architectura
Numismatica_, p. 107, with fig. 31; _Journal of Hellenic Studies_,
ix. (1888) pp. 210-212. According to Maximus Tyrius, the material of
the pyramid was unknown. Probably it was a stone. The English
archaeologists found several fragments of white cones on the site of
the temple at Paphos: one which still remains in its original
position in the central chamber was of limestone and of somewhat
larger size (_Journal of Hellenic Studies_, ix. (1888) p. 180).
101 See above, p. 14.
102 On coins of Perga the sacred cone is represented as richly decorated
and standing in a temple between sphinxes. See B. V. Head, _Historia
Numorum_ (Oxford, 1887), p. 585; P. Gardner, _Types of Greek Coins_
(Cambridge, 1883), pl. xv. No. 3; G. F. Hill, _Catalogue of the
Greek Coins of Lycia, Pamphylia, and Pisidia_ (London, 1897), pl.
xxiv. 12, 15, 16. However, Mr. G. F. Hill writes to me: “Is the
stone at Perga really a cone? I have always thought it was a cube or
something of that kind. On the coins the upper, sloping portion is
apparently an elaborate veil or head-dress. The head attached to the
stone is seen in the middle of this, surmounted by a tall
_kalathos_.” The sanctuary stood on a height, and a festival was
held there annually (Strabo, xiv. 4. 2, p. 667). The native title of
the goddess was _Anassa_, that is, “Queen.” See B. V. Head, _l.c._;
Wernicke, _s.v._ “Artemis,” in Pauly-Wissowa, _Real-Encyclopädie der
classischen Altertumswissenschaft_, ii. 1, col. 1397. Aphrodite at
Paphos bore the same title. See below, p. 42, note 6. The worship of
Pergaean Artemis at Halicarnassus was cared for by a priestess, who
held office for life and had to make intercession for the city at
every new moon. See G. Dittenberger, _Sylloge Inscriptionum
Graecarum_2 (Leipsic, 1898-1901), vol. ii. p. 373, No. 601.
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