The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 07 of 12)Frazer, James George
Religion
The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 07 of 12)
Frazer, James George
Magic; Mythology; Religion; Superstition
(M238) Again, the corn-spirit is killed in the form of a cock. In parts of
Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Picardy the reapers place a live cock in the
corn which is to be cut last, and chase it over the field, or bury it up
to the neck in the ground; afterwards they strike off its head with a
sickle or scythe.(873) In many parts of Westphalia, when the harvesters
bring the wooden cock to the farmer, he gives them a live cock, which they
kill with whips or sticks, or behead with an old sword, or throw into the
barn to the girls, or give to the mistress to cook. If the harvest-cock
has not been spilt—that is, if no waggon has been upset—the harvesters
have the right to kill the farmyard cock by throwing stones at it or
beheading it. Where this custom has fallen into disuse, it is still common
for the farmer’s wife to make cockie-leekie for the harvesters, and to
shew them the head of the cock which has been killed for the soup.(874) In
the neighbourhood of Klausenburg, Transylvania, a cock is buried on the
harvest-field in the earth, so that only its head appears. A young man
then takes a scythe and cuts off the cock’s head at a single sweep. If he
fails to do this, he is called the Red Cock for a whole year, and people
fear that next year’s crop will be bad.(875) Near Udvarhely, in
Transylvania, a live cock is bound up in the last sheaf and killed with a
spit. It is then skinned. The flesh is thrown away, but the skin and
feathers are kept till next year; and in spring the grain from the last
sheaf is mixed with the feathers of the cock and scattered on the field
which is to be tilled.(876) Nothing could set in a clearer light the
identification of the cock with the spirit of the corn. By being tied up
in the last sheaf and killed, the cock is identified with the corn, and
its death with the cutting of the corn. By keeping its feathers till
spring, then mixing them with the seed-corn taken from the very sheaf in
which the bird had been bound, and scattering the feathers together with
the seed over the field, the identity of the bird with the corn is again
emphasised, and its quickening and fertilising power, as an embodiment of
the corn-spirit, is intimated in the plainest manner. Thus the
corn-spirit, in the form of a cock, is killed at harvest, but rises to
fresh life and activity in spring. Again, the equivalence of the cock to
the corn is expressed, hardly less plainly, in the custom of burying the
bird in the ground, and cutting off its head (like the ears of corn) with
the scythe.
§ 4. The Corn-spirit as a Hare.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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