383 A. D’Orbigny, _L’Homme Américain (de l’Amérique Méridionale)_ (Paris, 1839), i. 198 _sq._ 384 Le Sieur de la Borde, “Relation de l’Origine, Mœurs, Coustumes, Religion, Guerres et Voyages des Caraibes Sauvages des Isles Antilles de l’Amerique,” pp. 21-23, in _Recueil de divers Voyages faits en Afrique et en l’Amerique_ (Paris, 1684). 385 E. F. im Thurn, _Among the Indians of Guiana_ (London, 1883), pp. 250 _sqq._, 260 _sqq._ M90 Cultivation of manioc by women among the Indian tribes of tropical South America. 386 C. F. Phil. v. Martius, _Zur Ethnographie Amerika’s, zumal Brasiliens_ (Leipsic, 1867), pp. 486-489. On the economic importance of the manioc or cassava plant in the life of the South American Indians, see further E. J. Payne, _History of the New World called America_, i. (Oxford, 1892) pp. 310 _sqq._, 312 _sq._ 387 A. R. Wallace, _Narrative of Travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro_ (London, 1889), pp. 336, 337 (_The Minerva Library_). Mr. Wallace’s account of the agriculture of these tribes is entirely confirmed by the observations of a recent explorer in north-western Brazil. See Th. Koch-Grünberg, _Zwei Jahre unter den Indianern_ (Berlin, 1909-1910), ii. 202-209; _id._, “Frauenarbeit bei den Indianern Nordwest-Brasiliens,” _Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien_, xxxviii. (1908) pp. 172-174. This writer tells us (_Zwei Jahre unter den Indianern_, ii. 203) that these Indians determine the time for planting by observing certain constellations, especially the Pleiades. The rainy season begins when the Pleiades have disappeared below the horizon. See Note at end of the volume. 388 R. Southey, _History of Brazil_, vol. i. Second Edition (London, 1822), p. 253. 389 J. B. von Spix und C. F. Ph. von Martius, _Reise in Brasilien_ (Munich, 1823-1831), i. 381. 390 K. von den Steinen, _Unter den Naturvölkern Zentral-Brasiliens_ (Berlin, 1894), p. 214. 391 J. J. von Tschudi, _Peru_ (St. Gallen, 1846), ii. 214. M91 Agricultural work done by women among savage tribes in India, New Guinea, and New Britain. 392 Captain T. H. Lewin, _Wild Races of South-Eastern India_ (London, 1870), p. 255. 393 E. T. Dalton, _Descriptive Ethnology of Bengal_ (Calcutta, 1872), p. 33. 394 E. T. Dalton, _op. cit._ pp. 226, 227. _ 395 Nieuw Guinea, ethnographisch en natuurkundig onderzocht en beschreven_ (Amsterdam, 1862), p. 159. _ 396 Op. cit._ p. 119; H. von Rosenberg, _Der Malayische Archipel_ (Leipsic, 1878), p. 433. 397 P. A. Kleintitschen, _Die Küstenbewohner der Gazellehalbinsel_ (Hiltrup bei Münster, preface dated Christmas, 1906), pp. 60 _sq._; G. Brown, D.D., _Melanesians and Polynesians_ (London, 1910), pp. 324 _sq._