365 In order to guard against any breach of the rule they strewed _Agnus castus_ and other plants, which were esteemed anaphrodisiacs, under their beds. See Dioscorides, _De Materia Medica_, i. 134 (135), vol. i. p. 130, ed. C. Sprengel (Leipsic, 1829-1830); Pliny, _Nat. Hist._ xxiv. 59; Aelian, _De Natura Animalium_, ix. 26; Hesychius, _s.v._ κνέωρον; Scholiast on Theocritus, iv. 25; Scholiast on Nicander, _Ther._ 70 _sq._ 366 Scholiast on Aristophanes, _Thesmophor._ 80; Plutarch, _Demosthenes_, 30; Aug. Mommsen, _Feste der Stadt Athen im Altertum_ (Leipsic, 1898), pp. 310 _sq._ That Pyanepsion was the month of sowing is mentioned by Plutarch (_Isis et Osiris_, 69). See above, pp. 45 _sq._ 367 See below, vol. ii. p. 17 _sq._ M87 Woman’s part in agriculture among the Caffres of South Africa in general. 368 Dudley Kidd, _The Essential Kaffir_ (London, 1904), p. 323. Compare B. Ankermann, “L’Ethnographie actuelle de l’Afrique méridionale,” _Anthropos_, i. (1906) pp. 575 _sq._ As to the use of the Pleiades to determine the time of sowing, see note at the end of the volume, “The Pleiades in Primitive Calendars.” 369 Rev. E. Casalis, _The Basutos_ (London, 1861), pp. 143 (with plate), pp. 162-165. M88 Agricultural work done by women among the Nandi, Baganda, the Congo, and other tribes of Central and Western Africa. 370 A. C. Hollis, _The Nandi_ (Oxford, 1909), p. 19. However, among the Bantu Kavirondo, an essentially agricultural people of British East Africa, both men and women work in the fields with large iron hoes. See Sir Harry Johnston, _The Uganda Protectorate_ (London, 1904), ii. 738. 371 M. W. H. Beech, _The Suk_ (Oxford, 1911), p. 33. 372 F. Stuhlmann, _Mit Emin Pascha ins Herz von Afrika_ (Berlin, 1894), p. 36. 373 F. Stuhlmann, _op. cit._ p. 75. 374 Rev. J. Roscoe, _The Baganda_ (London, 1911), pp. 426, 427; compare pp. 5, 38, 91 _sq._, 93, 94, 95, 268. 375 H. Rehse, _Kiziba, Land und Leute_ (Stuttgart, 1910), p. 53. 376 G. Schweinfurth, _The Heart of Africa_3 (London, 1878), i. 281. 377 G. Schweinfurth, _op. cit._ ii. 40. 378 Rev. J. H. Weeks, “Anthropological Notes on the Bangala of the Upper Congo River,” _Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute_, xxxix. (1909) pp. 117, 128. 379 E. Torday, “Der Tofoke,” _Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien_, xli. (1911) p. 198. 380 E. Torday and T. A. Joyce, “Notes on the Ethnography of the Ba-Mbala,” _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, xxxv. (1905) p. 405. 381 P. B. du Chaillu, _Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa_ (London, 1861), p. 22. 382 P. B. du Chaillu, _op. cit._ p. 417. M89 Agricultural work done by women among the Indian tribes of South America.