——, church, silenced in Holy Week, i. 123, 125 _n._ 1; rung on Midsummer Eve, ii. 47 _sq._; rung to drive away witches, 73 Beltane, popularly derived from Baal, i. 149 _n._ 1, 150 _n._ 1; the need-fire at, 293; the Yellow Day of, 293; sheep passed through a hoop at, ii. 184 —— and Hallowe’en the two chief fire-festivals of the British Celts, ii. 40 _sq._ —— cakes, i. 148 _sq._, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155 —— carline, i. 148, 153 —— Eve (the Eve of May Day), a witching time, i. 295 —— fire, pretence of throwing a man into the, i. 148, ii. 25; kindled by the friction of oak-wood, i. 148, 155, ii. 91 —— fires, i. 146 _sqq._; in Wales, 155 _sq._; in Ireland, 157 _sq._; in Nottinghamshire, 157 Benametapa, the king of, in East Africa, i. 135 Bengal, seclusion of girls at puberty in, i. 68; the Oraons of, ii. 311 Bengalee stories of the external soul, ii. 101 _sq._, 102 Beni Ahsen, a tribe in Morocco, ii. 31; their Midsummer fires, i. 215 _sq._ —— Mgild, a Berber tribe of Morocco, their Midsummer fires, i. 215 —— Snous, the, of Morocco, their Midsummer rites, i. 216 Bent, J. Theodore, on passing sick children through a cleft oak, ii. 172 Berber belief as to water at Midsummer, ii. 31 —— tale, milk-tie in a, ii. 138 _n._ 1 Berbers of North Africa, their Midsummer customs, i. 213 _sqq._, 219 Bergen, Midsummer bonfires at, i. 171 Bering Strait, the Esquimaux of, i. 91 Berleburg, in Westphalia, the Yule log at, i. 248 Berlin, the divining-rod at, ii. 68 Bern, Midsummer fires in the canton of, i. 172; the Yule log in the canton of, 249; witches put to death in the canton of, ii. 42 _n._ 2 Berry, Lenten fire custom in, i. 115; Midsummer fires in, 189; the Yule log in, 251 _sq._; four-leaved clover at Midsummer in, ii. 63 Besoms, blazing, flung aloft to make the corn grow high, i. 340; used to drive away witches, ii. 74 Bethlehem, new Easter fire carried to, i. 130 _n._ “Between the two Beltane fires,” i. 149 Beul, fire of, need-fire, i. 293 Bevan, Professor A. A., i. 83 _n._ 1 Beverley, on the initiatory rites of the Virginian Indians, ii. 266 _sq._ Bewitched animals burnt alive, i. 300 _sqq._; buried alive, 324 _sqq._ —— cow, mugwort applied to, ii. 59 —— things burnt to compel the witch to appear, i. 322 Bhils of India, torture of witches among the, ii. 159 Bhuiyars of Mirzapur, their dread of menstrual pollution, i. 84 Bhuiyas, a Dravidian tribe, fire-walk among the, ii. 5 _sq._ _Bhut_, demon, ii. 312 Bidasari and the golden fish, Malay story of, ii. 147 _sq._, 220 Bilqula. _See_ Bella Coola Binbinga tribe of Northern Australia, their rites of initiation, ii. 234 _sq._; initiation of medicine-man in the, 239 Binding up a cleft stick or tree a mode of barricading the road against a ghostly pursuer, ii. 176 Bir, a tribal hero, ii. 6 Birch used to kindle need-fire, i. 291 —— and plane, fire made by the friction of, i. 220