Bullock, bewitched, burnt to cause the witch to appear, i. 303 Bull-roarers swung, i. 133; sounded at initiation of lads, ii. 227, 228 _sqq._, 233 _sqq._, 240, 241; used as magical instruments to make rain, 230 _sqq._; sounded at festivals of the dead, 230 _n._; made from trees struck by lightning, 231; sounded to make the wind blow, 232; called “thunder and lightning,” 232; sounded to promote the growth of the crops, 232; originally magical instruments for making thunder, wind, and rain, 233; not to be seen by women, 234, 235, 242; called by name which means a ghost or spirit of the dead, 242; called by the same name as the monster who swallows lads at initiation, 242; kept in men’s club-house, 242; named after dead men, 242 _n._ 1 ——, sound of, thought to resemble thunder, ii. 228 _sqq._; supposed to increase the food supply, 230; supposed to be the voice of a spirit, 233, 234, 235 Burchard, Bishop of Worms, his condemnation of a heathen practice, ii. 191 _Bures_, bonfires, i. 110 _n._ 1, 111 _n._ 1 Burford, in Oxfordshire, Midsummer giant and dragon at, ii. 37 Burghead, the burning of the Clavie at, i. 266 _sq._; the old rampart at, 267 _sq._ Burgundy, Firebrand Sunday in, i. 114; the Yule log in, 254 Burma, the Karens of, ii. 157 Burne, Miss F. C., and Jackson, Miss G. F., on the fear of witchcraft in Shropshire, i. 342 _n._ 4 Burning the witches on May Day, i. 157, 159, 160; of effigies in the Midsummer fires, 195; of the witches in the Hallowe’en fires, 232 _sq._; of the Clavie at Burghead, 266 _sq._; of a bewitched animal or part of it to cause the witch to appear, 303, 305, 307 _sq._, 321 _sq._; of human beings in the fires, ii. 21 _sqq._; of live animals at spring and Midsummer festivals, 38 _sqq._; the animals perhaps deemed embodiments of witches, 41 _sq._, 43 _sq._; of human victims annually, 286 _n._ 2 —— discs thrown into the air, i. 116 _sq._, 119, 143, 165, 166, 168 _sq._, 172 —— the Easter Man, i. 144 “—— the Old Wife (Old Woman),” i. 116, 120 “—— the Witches,” i. 116, 118 _sq._, 154; a popular name for the fires of the festivals, ii. 43 —— wheels rolled down hill, i. 116, 117 _sq._, 119, 141, 143, 161, 162 _sq._, 163 _sq._, 166, 173, 174, 201, 328, 334, 337 _sq._; rolled over fields at Midsummer to fertilize them, 191, 340 _sq._; perhaps intended to burn witches, 345 Burns, Robert, i. 207; on Hallowe’en, 234 Burnt sacrifices to stay cattle-plague in England, Wales, and Scotland, i. 300 _sqq._ Burs, a preservative against witchcraft, i. 177 Burying bewitched animals alive, i. 324 _sqq._ —— girls at puberty in the ground, i. 38 _sqq._ Bushmen, their dread of menstruous women, i. 79; their way of warming up the star Sirius, 332 _sq._