Bushongo, royal persons among the, not allowed to set foot on the ground, i. 4; use of bull-roarers among the, ii. 229; rites of initiation among the, 264 _sqq._ Butter thought to be improved by the Midsummer fires, i. 180; bewitched, burnt at a cross-road, 322 “—— -churning,” Swiss expression for kindling a need-fire, i. 279 Byron, Lord, and the oak, ii. 166 Cabbages, divination by, at Hallowe’en, i. 242. _See also_ Kail Caesar on the fortification walls of the Gauls, i. 267; on human sacrifices among the Celts of Gaul, ii. 32 Caesarea. _See_ Everek Caffre villages, women’s tracks at, i. 80 Caffres of South Africa, seclusion of girls at puberty among the, i. 30; use of bull-roarers among the, ii. 229 _n._, 232 Cages, girls at puberty confined in, i. 32 _sqq._, 44, 45 _Cailleach beal-tine_, the Beltane carline, i. 148 Cairnshee, in Kincardineshire, Midsummer fires on, i. 206 Caithness, need-fire in, i. 290 _sqq._ Cake, St. Michael’s, i. 149, 154 _n._ 3; salt, divination by, 238 _sq._; the Yule or Christmas, 257, 259, 261 Cakes, Hallowe’en, i. 238, 241, 245; Beltane, 148 _sq._, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155; divination by, 242, 243 Calabar, soul of chief in sacred grove at, ii. 161; negroes of, their belief in external or bush souls lodged in animals, 204 _sqq._, 220, 222 _n._ 5; the fattening-house for girls in, 259 Calabria, holy water at Easter in, i. 123 Calamities, almost all, set down to witchcraft, ii. 19 _sq._ Calendar, change in the Chinese, i. 137; Mohammedan, 216 _sq._, 218 _sq._; the Julian, used by Mohammedans, 218 _sq._; the reform of, in relation to floral superstitions, ii. 55 _n._ 1 Calendars, conflict of, i. 218 _Calendeau_, _calignau_, the Yule-log, i. 250 Calf burnt alive to stop a murrain, i. 300 _sq._ California, seclusion of girls at puberty among the Indians of, i. 41 _sqq._; ordeals among the Indians of, 64; the Senal Indians of, ii. 295; the Maidu Indians of, 295, 298 Callander, the parish of, Beltane fires in, i. 150 _sqq._; Hallowe’en fires in, 231 Calves burnt to stop disease in the herds, i. 301, 306 Calymnos, a Greek island, superstition as to menstruous women in, i. 96 _sq._; Midsummer fires in, 212 Cambodia, seclusion of girls at puberty in, i. 70; ritual at cutting a parasitic orchid in, ii. 81 Cambodian or Siamese story of the external soul, ii. 102 Cambridgeshire, witch as cat in, i. 317 Cambus o’ May, near Ballater, holed stone at, ii. 187 Cameroons, life of person bound up with tree in the, ii. 161; theory of the external soul in, 200, 202 _sq._ Camomile (_Anthemis nobilis_) burnt in Midsummer fire, i. 213; sacred to Balder, ii. 63; gathered at Midsummer, 63 Campbell, Rev. J. G., on _deiseal_, i. 151 _n._ Campbell, Rev. John, on Coranna customs, ii. 192, 192 _n._ 1 Campo di Giove, in the Abruzzi, Easter candles at, i. 122