Fields, cultivated, menstruous women not allowed to enter, i. 79; protected against insects by menstruous women, 98 _n._ 1; processions with torches through, 107 _sq._, 110 _sqq._, 113 _sqq._, 179, 339 _sq._; protected against witches, 121; made fruitful by bonfires, 140; fertilized by ashes of Midsummer fires, 170; fertilized by burning wheel rolled over them, 191, 340 _sq._; protected against hail by bonfires, 344 Fig-trees, charm to benefit, i. 18; sacred among the Fans, ii. 161 Fights between men and women about their sex totems, ii. 215, 217 _Figo_, bonfire, i. 111 Fiji, brides tattooed in, i. 34 _n._ 1; the fire-walk in, ii. 10 _sq._; birth-trees in, 163; the drama of death and resurrection exhibited to novices at initiation in, 243 _sqq._ Filey, in Yorkshire, the Yule log and candle at, i. 256 Finchra, mountain in Rum, ii. 284 Fingan Eve in the Isle of Man, i. 266 Finistère, bonfires on St. John’s Day in, i. 183 Finland, Midsummer fires in, i. 180 _sq._; fir-tree as life-index in, ii. 165 _sq._ Finsch Harbour in German New Guinea, ii. 239 Fir-branches, prayers to, i. 51; at Midsummer, 177; Midsummer mummers clad in, ii. 25 _sq._ —— -cones, seeds of, gathered on St. John’s Day, ii. 64 —— -tree as life-index, ii. 165 _sq._; mistletoe on fir-trees, 315, 316 —— -wood used to kindle need-fire, i. 278, 282 —— or beech used to make the Yule log, i. 249 Firdusi’s _Epic of Kings_, i. 104 Fire, girls at puberty forbidden to see or go near, i. 29, 45, 46; menstruous women not allowed to touch or see, 84, 85; extinguished at menstruation, 87; in fire-festivals, different possible explanations of its use, 112 _sq._; made by flints or by flint and steel, 121, 124, 126, 127, 145, 146, 159; made by a burning-glass, 121, 127; made by a metal mirror, 132, 137, 138 _n._ 5; made by the friction of wood, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 144 _sq._, 148, 155, 169 _sq._, 175, 177, 179, 220, 264, 270 _sqq._, 335 _sq._, ii. 8, 90, 295; not to be blown up with breath, i. 133; year called a fire, 137; thought to grow weak with age, 137; pretence of throwing a man into, 148, 186, ii. 25; carried round houses, corn, cattle, and women after child-bearing, 151 _n._; used to drive away witches and demons at Midsummer, 170; as a protection against evil spirits, 282, 285 _sq._; made by means of a wheel, 335 _sq._, ii. 91; as a destructive and purificatory agent, i. 341; used as a charm to produce sunshine, 341 _sq._; employed as a barrier against ghosts, ii. 17 _sqq._; as a purificatory agency, 19; used to burn or ban witches, 19 _sq._; extinguished by mistletoe, 78, 84 _sq._, 293; of oak-wood used to detect a murderer, 92 _n._ 4; life of man bound up with a, 157; perpetual, of oak-wood, 285 _sq._; conceived by savages as a property stored like sap in trees, 295;