[146:4] Treasury Minute of Nov. 12, 1884, Com. Papers, 1884-1885, XLV., 171. [147:1] Electioneering by civil servants has been the subject of legislation. An Act of 1710 (9 Anne, c. 10, § 44) rendered liable to fine and dismissal any post-office official who "shall, by Word, Message, or Writing, or in any other Manner whatsoever, endeavour to persuade any Elector to give or dissuade any Elector from giving his Vote for the Choice of any Person . . . to serve in Parliament." _Cf._ Eaton, "Civil Service in Great Britain," 85. [147:2] 22 Geo. III., c. 41. Rogers on Elections, I., 196-97. [147:3] 31-32 Vic., c. 73. All penalties attaching to any of their acts in relation to elections were abolished by 37-38 Vic., c. 22. [148:1] Rogers, I., 197-200. [148:2] _Ibid._, 207-08. [148:3] Victoria Constitution Act, Com. Papers, 1903, XLIV., 109, pp. 7-8. [149:1] _Cf._ Hans., 4 Ser. LIII., 1133-34. [149:2] _Ibid._, CXCIII., 389 _et seq._ [149:3] In fact in 1874 the bill was amended so as to make this clear. Hans., 3 Ser. CCXIX., 797-800. For 1868 see Hans., 3 Ser. CXCIII., 405-06. [149:4] _Cf._ Hans., 4 Ser. XVI., 1218; LIII., 1131. [149:5] _Cf._ Courtney, "The Working Constitution of the United Kingdom," 151. [150:1] Hans., 3 Ser. CXCIII., 393. [150:2] _Ibid._, 397. [150:3] Rep. of Com. on Increased Cost of Tel. Service, Com. Papers, 1875, XX., 643, p. 5; 1st Rep. Civil Serv. Inq. Com., Com. Papers, 1875, XXIII., 1, p. 9. For information and references on the efforts of the civil servants to raise their pay, and on their pressure upon members of Parliament, I am indebted to Mr. Hugo Meyer, who kindly showed me his manuscript on "The Nationalisation of the Telegraphs in England." [150:4] See, for example, Hans., 3 Ser. CCLXV., 141; CCLXXI., 429; 4 Ser. XXXIX., 596-98; LI., 351-52, 355; LIII., 1107 _et seq._; LXVI., 1523 _et seq._; LXXII., 119; LXXXII., 199 _et seq._; XCIV., 1382-83; CVI., 680; CXXI., 1023; and CXXXIX., 1617, 1618, 1629, 1632. 2d Rep. Com. on Civil Estabs., Com. Papers, 1888, XXVII., 1, Qs. 17444-47, 17821-28, 20238; Rep. Com. on Post Office, Com. Papers, 1897, XLIV., 1, Q. 11706. [150:5] 2d Rep. Com. on Civil Estabs., Com. Papers, 1888, XXVII., 1, Qs. 10562-63, 10742, 10745-49, 17444-47. [150:6] Hans., 3 Ser. CCCLII., 870. [151:1] Hans., 4 Ser. V., 1123 _et seq._ [151:2] _Ibid._, 1536 _et seq._ [151:3] _Ibid._, VII., 188-90. [151:4] _Ibid._, XVI., 1218. [151:5] _Ibid._, LIII., 1138-39. [152:1] Hans., 4 Ser. CXXI., 1023. [152:2] _Ibid._, LXVI., 1550. [152:3] _Ibid._, LIII., 1107 _et seq._ [152:4] _Ibid._, 1138. In the course of his speech he pointed out that the membership of the trade-unions in the postal and telegraph service had grown very much of late years. But he declared that they were accorded all the privileges enjoyed by trade-unions elsewhere. [152:5] _Ibid._, CXXI., 1023. [152:6] _Ibid._, CXXII., 329, 331, 333. [152:7] _Ibid._, CXXXIX., 1600-36. [152:8] _Ibid._, CLIII., 357.