The government of the Ottoman Empire in the time of Suleiman the MagnificentLybyer, Albert Howe
History
The government of the Ottoman Empire in the time of Suleiman the Magnificent
Lybyer, Albert Howe
Süleyman I, Sultan of the Turks, 1494 or 1495-1566; Turkey -- Politics and government
No systematic description of the organization of the imperial household
has come to hand. Scattered allusions reveal the presence of very
numerous groups of officials, agents, and servants of all grades.
Teachers, physicians, scholars, valets, chamberlains, butlers, cooks,
kitchen servants, musicians, poets, generals, captains, guards,
equerries, hostlers, herdsmen, elephant-drivers, and stablemen, ministers
of state, judges, treasurers, secretaries, swarmed about the great halls
and myriad chambers of the palaces at Agra, Delhi, and Fatehpur-Sikri.
These, with the tradespeople who made their living by supplying the
household but who were less directly attached to the emperor, constituted
a migratory city of large size, which followed the emperor from residence
to residence and in time of campaign swelled almost unbelievably the
following of his enormous army.
As for the court life which went on at the center of this vast and
multi-colored setting, this was necessarily twofold, by that custom of
all Moslem lands according to which the sexes must be segregated. Daily
assemblages, gatherings at the mosques on Fridays, great ceremonies
for special occasions, and the imperial hunts contained none but men as
participants. If women saw any part of such festivities, it was from a
distance and through thick veils or close-wrought lattices. Khondamir
says that Humayun divided his attendants into three great classes,
concerned respectively with government and war, with learning and
literature, and with music and personal grace and beauty. The latter
were called “people of pleasure ... because most people take great
delight in the company of such young-looking men, of rosy cheeks and
sweet voices, and are pleased by hearing their songs, and the pleasing
sound of the musical instruments, such as the harp, the sackbut, and the
lute.” Humayun devoted Sundays and Tuesdays to dealings with the first
class, holding audience and attending to government duties on those
days. Saturdays and Thursdays were days when “the tree of the hope” of
literary and religious persons “produced the fruit of prosperity by
their obtaining audience in the paradise-resembling court.” Mondays and
Wednesdays were devoted to pleasure parties, when old companions and
chosen friends were entertained by musicians and singers. On Fridays were
convened “all the assemblies,” whatever this may mean; and the emperor
sat with them as long as he could.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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