Bayezid, son of Suleiman, execution of, 94, 95, 142, 143; war against, 136. Bedchamber, gentlemen of the, 75-78, 126, 127. Body-guards, 129. Bondage, American colonial, compared with Ottoman slavery, 60 note 7. Booty, 176, 178. Bosra, 31. Brahmins, 282, 298. Buddhist influence on Mogul Empire, 279. Bulgarians, 16, 33, 35, 74. Bureaucratic tendencies, 19, 32, 186, 187. Bureaus, of the Treasury, 168 ff.; of the Chancery, 183; of the _Mufti_, 208. Busbecq, opinion of, on Ottoman education, 74, 86; dealings with Janissaries, 96; witnessed ceremonies, 136-141; on execution of Mustapha, 213. Byzantine Empire, disintegration of, in 13th century, 6; bequest of, to Ottoman Turks, 4, 21, 24, 227. Caliph, as _Imâm_, 28, 157, 163 note 1; the sultan as, 150; Suleiman as, 234. Canon law, of Roman Catholic Church, 157; of Moslems, _see_ Sacred Law. Capitation tax, 21, 170, 175, 284. Caucasus, slaves from, 16, 34, 50, 57, 281. _See_ Circassia, Georgia, Mingrelia. Cavalry— Of Ottoman Empire, regular, _see_ _Spahis_ of the Porte; feudal, 100-105; irregular, 105-107. Of Mogul Empire, regular, 285; feudal, 285, 286. Ceremonies of the Court, 133-141; law of, 134, 158. Chancellor, 182-187, 189, 248. Chancery, bureaus of, 183; personnel of, 186, 187. Charles V, Emperor, relations of, with Suleiman, 112, 113 and note 2. China, influence of, on Turks and Mongols, 5, 19, 118. Christians, converted and incorporated as Turks, 8, 14-17, 63-68; not entrusted with great power, 62; right to practise their religion, 211, 212. _See_ Renegade Christians. Christian subjects of Ottoman Empire, protected by Sacred Law, 26, 212; position of, 34; subject to levy of male children, 51-55; relation of, to Sultan, 151; legislation regarding, 159, 160 note 1; taxation of, 170, 175; church lands of, 172; Selim I’s attempt to convert forcibly, 211, 212; treatment of, in courts, 222. Circassia, slaves from, 33 note 2, 57, 74, 290. Civil war, in Ottoman Empire, 94; in Mogul Empire, 293, 301. Clergy, Moslem, 206. Codifications, of Moslem Sacred Law, 152, 153, 292; of sultans’ legislation, 158-161. Colleges, of pages, 73-79; of education, 203-205. Comparison of the Ruling Institution and the Moslem Institution, 227-236; likenesses, 227-230; differences, 230-232; relative power, 232-236. Confiscations, 55, 172, 178, 179. Conservatism, in regard to taxation, 177; in education, 204; of the two great institutions compared, 230, 232, 233. _See_ Custom. Constantinople described, 239-241. Constitution, the Sacred Law a form of, 27, 28, 150, 156, 157, 175, 193, 209, 214.