The Grand Fleet, 1914-1916 : $b its creation, development and workJellicoe, John Rushworth
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The Grand Fleet, 1914-1916 : $b its creation, development and work
Jellicoe, John Rushworth
Great Britain. Royal Navy; Jutland, Battle of, 1916; World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations
During the short interval, crowded with events, that had elapsed since
the first flashes and sound of gunfire had been noted on board the
_Iron Duke_, the question of most urgent importance before me had been
the direction and manner of deployment.
As the evidence accumulated that the enemy’s Battle Fleet was on our
starboard side, but on a bearing well before the beam of the _Iron
Duke_, the point for decision was whether to form line of battle on the
starboard or on the port wing column. My first and natural impulse was
to form on the starboard wing column in order to bring the Fleet
into action at the earliest possible moment, but it became increasingly
apparent, both from the sound of gunfire and the reports from the
_Lion_ and the _Barham_, that the High Sea Fleet was in such close
proximity and on such a bearing as to create obvious disadvantages in
such a movement. I assumed that the German destroyers would be ahead
of their Battle Fleet, and it was clear that, owing to the mist, the
operations of destroyers attacking from a commanding position in the
van would be much facilitated; it would be suicidal to place the Battle
Fleet in a position where it might be open to attack by destroyers
during such a deployment, as such an event would throw the Fleet into
confusion at a critical moment.
[Illustration:
H. M. S. “IRON DUKE” OPENING FIRE AT THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND
H. M. S. “ROYAL OAK” AND “SUPERB” ASTERN, AND “THUNDERER” AHEAD]
The further points that occurred to me were, that if the German ships
were as close as seemed probable, there was considerable danger of
the 1st Battle Squadron, and especially the _Marlborough’s_ Division,
being severely handled by the concentrated fire of the High Sea Fleet
before the remaining divisions could get into line to assist. The 1st
Battle Squadron was composed of many of our weakest ships, with only
indifferent protection as compared with the German capital ships, and
an interval of at least four minutes would elapse between each division
coming into line astern of the sixth division and a further interval
before the guns could be directed on to the ship selected and their
fire become effective after so large a change of course.
The final disadvantage would be that it appeared, from the supposed
position of the High Sea Fleet, that the van of the enemy would have
a very considerable “overlap” if the deployment took place on the
starboard wing division, whereas this would not be the case with
deployment on the port wing column. The overlap would necessitate a
large turn of the starboard wing division to port to prevent the “T”
being crossed, and each successive division coming into line would have
to make this turn, in addition to the 8-point turn required to form
the line. I therefore decided to deploy on the first, the port wing,
division.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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