From a photograph by Frith. An example of military architecture, truly Roman in character. Probably dates from the time of Gallienus (A.D. 260) 53 RELIEF FROM TRAJAN’S COLUMN--I 216 On the left, the emperor surrounded by his staff is haranguing his troops. Observe how the ranks of the army are portrayed in file. On the right, fortifications are being constructed (Cichorius, plate xi) 54 RELIEF FROM TRAJAN’S COLUMN--II 218 On the left, horses are being transported across the Danube, Trajan is seen steering his galley, sheltered by a canopy. On the right he is landing at the gates of a Roman town on the river banks. The temples are visible within the walls (Cichorius, plate xxvi) 55 RELIEF FROM TRAJAN’S COLUMN--III 220 A cavalry battle, in which the Romans are charging the mail-clad Sarmatians. The reader will notice the resemblance between the latter and the Norman knights of the Bayeux tapestry (Cichorius, plate xxviii) 56 RELIEF FROM TRAJAN’S COLUMN--IV 222 On the left the Romans, in _testudo_ formation, are attacking a Dacian fortress. In the centre Trajan is receiving the heads of the defeated enemy (Cichorius, plate li) Four collotype plates, reproduced by special permission from Prof. Cichorius’s “Die Reliefs der Traianssaule” (Berlin, Georg Reimer, 1896) Photographs by Donald Macbeth 57 (Fig 1) RELIEF, FROM A SARCOPHAGUS 224 From a photograph by Alinari of the original in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence. An example of “continuous narration” in relief-work. The sarcophagus is ornamented with typical scenes in the life of a Roman gentleman--the chase, the greeting by his slaves, sacrifice, marriage. The design is described as “subtly interwoven” or “fatiguing and confused” according to the taste of the onlooker (Fig 2) ROMAN AND DACIAN From a photograph by Graudon of the original relief in the Louvre. The source of this slab is unknown; it evidently belongs to the beginning of the second century A.D., and refers to the Dacian Wars of Trajan, or possibly of Domitian. The contrast between the proud calm Roman and the wild barbarian is very fine, and recalls similar contrasts in Greek sculpture. In the background a Dacian hut and an oak-tree are seen 58 RELIEF FROM THE ARCH OF TITUS 226 From a photograph by Brogi. Shows the emblems captured in Jerusalem (A.D. 70) being carried in triumph at Rome. We can distinguish the seven-branched candlestick, the table for the show-bread and the Sacred Trumpets. The tablets were inscribed with the names of captured cities 59 RUINS OF PALMYRA (VIEW OF GREAT ARCH FROM THE EAST) 230