Antonius, L, 164 Antony, Mark, and Cæsar, 124, and the succession, 126, 127, and Octavian (Augustus), 127, 128, 163, 164, the Triumvirate, 128, victories, 128, and Cleopatra, 128, 129, 164, 203, and Actium, 130, marriages, 138, and Cicero, 148 Antony and Cleopatra, coins of, 155 Aosta, 220 Apelles, 296 Apennines, slave refugees, 106 Apicius, 279 Apollo as a Roman god, 79, temple to, 168 Apollodorus, 266 Apollonia, 201, 202 Apollonius, 290 Appian Way, 34 Appius Claudius, 85 Appius Claudius (censor), 34, 42, 46 Appuleian Laws, 95, 99 Apuleius, 290 Aquæ Mattiacæ (Wiesbaden), 264 Aquæ Sextiæ, 94 Aqueducts, 179, 280, 283, 293 Aquilegia, 220 Aquitania, 210 Arabia, 194, 204, 267 Arabs, 307 Aratus, 234 Arausio (Orange), 94 Arcesilaus, 156, 249 Arch, the, 153, 294 Arch, triumphal, 196 Archelaus, 206 Architecture of the Republic, 151-154, of the Augustan period, 250-252, of the Empire, 293-297, later Roman and early Christian, 316 Arena. _See_ Amphitheatre Aretine pottery, 159 Areus, 209 Arezzo, 120 Argos, 202 Aristocracy, government by, 71, 72, debased, 81, wealth, 132, Augustus and, 224; under the Empire, 254 Domitian and the, 274. _See also_ Patricians Aristotle, 290 Armenia, 194, 198, 199, 200, 267, 268 Arminius, 218, 219, 263 Armour of soldiers, 29, 98 Army, professional, as constituted by Marius, 96-99, and government, 99, under Augustus, 182, soldiering becomes a profession, 184, how constituted, 184, rate of pay, 185; distribution of the legions, 185; pay (finance), 188, bounties to veterans, 189 Arpinum, 134 Art, Etruscan, 20; early Roman, 22, 34, 66, of the Republic, 151-159, of the Augustan period, 243-252, of the Empire, Greek influence, 291, sculpture, 292, history of, 293, influence of Antinous, 293, architecture, 294-297, painting, 296, minor arts, 297, Byzantine, 316 “Art, Roman,” 151, 245 Art collectors under the Republic, 155 Artillery, 280 Artists, 248 Arts, the, and politics, 231 Arusine Plain, 46 “Aryan,” 2 _As_, the copper (coin), 17, 34, 154 Aschaffenburg, 264 Ashtaroth, 39 Asia Minor, coins of, 249, Jews in, 268, Christianity in, 302 Asia, province of, 59; wealth, 61, 64; taxes, 88, control by Augustus, 178; senatorial province, 193, security in, 200, diocese, 312 “Asiarchs,” 201 Assassins, 268 Assessments for taxes, 276 Assyria, 267 Asturians, 220 Asturica Augusta (Astorga), 221 Athens and Rome, contrast between, 2, allied with Rome, 55, Sulla and, 101, and education, 133, an allied state, 194, position of, under Rome, 201, new quarter, 284 Athletics, 286 Atrium, the, 135 Attalids, the, of Pergamum, 246 Attalus, 55 Attalus III., 59 Attica, 201 Atticus, 131, 233 Attila, 314 Attius, 138 Augsburg, 220 Augurs, 133 Augusta Emerita (Merida), 221 Augusta (legion), 183 “Augustals,” 181