Egypt allied against Philip of Macedon, 55, conquered by Octavian (Augustus), 60, 130, 166, Pompeius and Cæsar in, 122, private possession of Augustus, 170, 172, prefect of, 180, 194, corn-supply, 190; wealth, 202, under Augustus, 203; religion, 203, taxes, 203; canals and irrigation, 203, reservoirs, 204, position of prefect, 204, and Greek art, 247; rebels in the triumph of Aurelian, 307, a diocese, 312 Elagabalus, 306 Elbe, the, 216, 217, 218 Election posters, 285 Electra (sculpture), 249, 250 Elephantine, Nilometer at, 204 Elephants, 46 Eleusinian mysteries, 55, 231 Emesa, 194, 199; fetish-stone, 306 Empire-building, 28, 44, 211 Empire, the early, history, 162; establishment of, 168; illegitimate, 254; during its first century, 259; limits of the, 269, junior colleagues to Cæsar, 276, weak through its vastness, 308; decay, 313; divided, 313; dismembered, 314 Empire, the Eastern, 313 Ems, 216, 264 Ennius, 76, 78, 138, 236 Ephesus, 201, 247, 282 Epictetus, 302 Epicurus, 139 Epirot phalanx, 46 Equality, 33, 71 Equestrian class (Equites), 64, 88, 97, 180 Eros (Egyptian tax-gatherer), 191 Esquiline Camp, 258 Esquiline Hill, 25 Ethics, Christian, 302, 303 Etruria, conquests, 28, Sullan colonists in, 110 Etruscans, the, neighbours at beginning of Rome, 13; piracy, 13, 17, remains, 14, 20, conquest of Rome, 19, their origin, 20, art, 20, 22, character, 21, divination, 21; costumes, 22, decline of the Etruscan power, 23, Etruscan princes of Rome, 20, 23, enemy of Rome, 28; gods, 39, portraiture, 152, 156, and Roman architecture, 153, and Roman art, 248 Eudæmones, 307 Euhemerism, 201 Euphrates, the, 197, 267 Europe, Rome and the making of, 5; Germany and the history of, 213 Extortion, 133, 191, 209, 212, 273 Extravagances, 279 Fabii, the, 24, 72 Fabius, Pictor, 150 Fabius, Quintus, 51 Family, the, 225 Famine, 190 Farnese Palace, 251 “Father of his country,” 179 Fatherhood, 226 Fatherhood of God, 303 Fathers, power of, 25 Fauns, 37 Faustina, 224 Feasting, 133, 136 Felix, 206 Fencing, 98 Ferrero, Signor G., on Cæsar’s character, 112, on Augustus, 199, and Gaul, 210 Festivals, early Roman, 36 Festus, 207 Fever, malarial, 135 Fifth Legion, 215 Finance, beginnings, 66, under Augustus, 187, gifts, 188, property-tax and death-duties, 189, of the senate, 192 Financial corruption, 64 Financiers, 194 Fire-brigade, 181, 186 _Flamines_, 38 Flaminian Way, 196 Flaminii, the, 72 Flamininus, 55 Flavian age, the, 293 Flavian dynasty, 274 Flax, 212 Flora, 38, 39 Footmen, 137 Fordicidia, 40 Formiæ, 134 Fortifications, frontier, 261, 262, 264 Fortuna Virilis, 39; Temple of, 153, 154 Fortune-hunters, 226 Forum, the, 33, 252 Forum Julii (Fréjus), 187 Forums, 280, 282 Fowler, W. Warde, 35 France, roads of, 211 Frankfort, 264