Saalburg, 264 Saale, the, 216 Sabines, 13 Sacred Mount, 30 Sacred Way, 282 Sacrifices, human, 40, 211 Sadducees, 269 Saguntum, 49 St. Angelo, Castle of, 294 St. Bernard Pass, 220 Saints, Christian, 304 Salamis, 201 Salaries of officials, 190 Salii, 34, 39 Salinator, M. Livius, 74 Sallust, 150 Salt, free, 308 Saltus, Teutoburgiensis, 218 Salvage brigade, 131 Samaria, 205 Samnite Wars, 13, 28, 44, rebellion, 105 Sanhedrin, 207 Saracens, 307 Saragossa, 221 Sarcophagi, 247 Sardinia, 48, 53, 59, 61, 193 Sarmatia, province, 309, Sarmatian cavalry, 266; captive Sarmatians, 307 Sarmatians, the, and Ovid, 243 Sarmizegethusa, 266 Satires, 237 Saturn, 38, Temple of, 251 Saturninus, 95 Saxons, 213, 309 Scævola, 33, 84 Scapula, Ostorius, 260 Scaurus, 91, 92, 94 Sceptre of ivory, the, 22 Schoolmasters, 286 Schools _See_ Education Scipio Africanus, 52, 53, 58 Scipios, the, 76, 83, 123 Scopas, 155, 250 Scotland, 261 Scribonia, 226, 227 Sculpture of the Republic, 155-157, revival of, 200, the Greeks and Roman sculpture, 245, copies and imitations, 291; busts, 292, bas-reliefs, 292; narrative on columns, 292 Sea-power, the Romans and, 187 Sebaste (Samaria), 205 Secession of the Plebs, the, 30 Secular games, 238 Sejanus, 271 Semitic question, the, 268 Sena, victory of, 75 Senate, the, beginnings, 25; wisdom of, 28; its constitution, 31; and Pyrrhus, 46, aristocracy and government, 72; weakness under late Republic, 82; the Gracchi and, 86, 89, 90; and the Jugurthan War, 91; and Marius, 95, under Augustus, 167, 169, 175-179, 224, position and powers under the Empire, 179; military affairs, 184; under Vespasian, 274; under Domitian and later emperors, 275, supplanted by Diocletian, 312 Senators forbidden foreign commerce, 67, 132; as landowners, 67, 132, flee from Cæsar, 121; tax farmers, 132; hereditary, 132, 134 Seneca the younger and Nero, 272, 290, 291; ethics of, 303 Senecas, the, Spaniards, 220, 290 Senones, the, 212 Sens, 212 Serapis, 139 Sergi, G., on the Mediterranean race, 2 Sertorius, 105, 107 Sestertius, 34 Severi, the, 311 Severus, Alexander, 306, 311 Severus, Septimius, 306 _Seviri, Augustales_, 196 Shakespeare and Cæsar, 112 Shapur, the Persian King, 306 Sheep, 36, 70 Shepherds, 71 Ships, 131 Shophets, 49 Shows, public, 137 Sicily, Pyrrhus and, 46; the Romans and, 47, 51, 52, acquisition of, 59, 60, 61, corn-supply of, 190, a province, 193, colonies in, 195, its history, 208-209 Sidon, 247 Sienckiewicz, Henryk, 279 Siesta, the, 136 Silanus, 94 Silius, 255 Silius Italicus, 287, 288 Silures, the, 260 Silver coinage, 34, 154 Sirmio, 143, 296 Slavery of early Rome, 70, and immorality, 79, Roman society and, 279