=1.= Engelmann, _Gray's Pl. Lindh._, =2=:166. 1845. =2.= _U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt._, =1847=:198. MUSTANG GRAPE. =3.= Engelmann, _Gray's Pl. Wright._, =1=:32. 1852. =4.= Vanzandt, _Gar. Mon._, =1=:166. 1859. MUSTANG GRAPE. =5.= Affleck, _Mag. Hort._, =26=:98. 1860. MUSTANG GRAPE. =6.= Buckley, _U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt._, =1861=:482. V. MUSTANGENSIS; _Mustang grape_. =7.= Engelmann, _Am. Nat._, =2=:321. 1868. _Mustang grape._ =8.= Koch, _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._, =1868=:82. V. MUSTANGENSIS; _Mustang grape_. =9.= Engelmann, _Mo. Ent. Rpt._, =1874=:76. _V. Mustangensis_; _Mustang grape._ =10.= Ib., _Bush. Cat._, =1883=: 10, 11, 12, 14, 15. _V. Mustangensis_; _Mustang grape._ =11.= Munson, _Am. Hort. Soc. Rpt._, =1885=: 137. _V. Mustangensis._ =12.= Ib., _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._, =1885=:97, 98. _Mustang grape._ =13.= Planchon, _De Candolle's Mon. Phan._, =1887=:323, 326. _V. Mustangensis_; _Mustang grape._ =14.= Munson, _Soc. Prom. Ag. Sci. Rpt._, =1887=:59. _Mustang grape._ =15.= Ib., _U. S. D. A. Pom. Bul._, =3=:10. 1890. =16.= Ib., _Bush. Cat._, =1894=:20, 22, 25. _Mustang grape._ =17.= Ib., _Rural N. Y._, =56=:610. 1897. MUSTANG. =18.= Bailey, _Gray's Syn. Fl._, =1=:428. 1897. _Mustang grape._ =19.= Munson, _Tex. Sta. Bul._, =56=:232, 234, 240, 267. 1900. _Mustang grape._ =20.= Viala and Ravaz, _Am. Vines_, =1903=:42, 54. Vine very vigorous, climbing; shoots and petioles densely woolly, whitish or rusty; diaphragm thick; tendrils intermittent (according to Munson, rarely four continuous). Leaves with medium to large stipules; blade small to medium, broadly cordate to reniform ovate, frequently resembling those of a poplar, entire or in young shoots and on young vines and sprouts usually deeply from three- to five-, or even seven-lobed; teeth shallow, sinuate; petiolar sinus shallow, wide, sometimes lacking; dull, slightly rugose above, dense whitish pubescence below. Clusters small. Berries medium to large, black, purple, green, or even whitish, thin blue bloom or bloomless. Seeds usually three or four, large, short, plump, blunt, notched; chalaza oval, depressed, indistinct; raphe a broad groove. Candicans was described and named by Engelmann in his account of certain plants sent from Texas by Lindheimer. In 1861 it was described by Buckley who seems to have been unaware of the species having been previously named.