Vine medium to vigorous, injured in severe winters, very productive as an early grape. Does not require as close pruning as many other varieties. Canes above medium in length, intermediate in number, not thick, dark brown, covered with considerable pubescence; nodes enlarged, flattened; internodes medium to short; diaphragm medium to below in thickness; pith of average size; shoots very pubescent; tendrils continuous, long, bifid. Leaf-buds of average size, short, thick to medium, obtuse to conical. Leaves nearly large, thick; upper surface dark green, dull, rugose; lower surface pale green, often with trace of bronze, thinly pubescent; veins indistinct; lobes variable with terminus blunt to acute; petiolar sinus medium to deep, narrow; basal sinus usually lacking; lateral sinus shallow, narrow, often a mere notch; teeth shallow, of average width. Flowers fertile, open in mid-season; stamens upright. Fruit ripens early, does not keep well. Clusters above average size, nearly long, slender except when shouldered, slightly tapering, irregular, often with a long, large, single shoulder, loose; peduncle long to medium, of fair size; pedicel short, intermediate in thickness, covered with few small warts; brush greenish with dull tinge of reddish-brown. Berries regular in size averaging above medium, roundish to oval, black, not glossy, covered with blue bloom, drop badly from pedicel, of average firmness. Skin thick, tough, adheres considerably to the pulp, contains much purplish-red pigment, somewhat astringent. Flesh greenish, translucent, juicy, toughish, stringy and foxy, rather sweet at skin but somewhat tart at center, resembles Concord but ranks below that variety in flavor and quality. Seeds separate rather easily, one to four, average three or four, intermediate in size, almost broad, of fair length, dark brown; raphe obscure; chalaza intermediate in size, at center or slightly above, irregularly circular, rather distinct. Must 71°. HAYES. (Labrusca, Vinifera?) =1.= _Gar. Mon._, =21=:340. 1880. =2.= _Bush. Cat._, =1883=:106. _fig._ =3.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._, Pt. 1, =1884=:22, 23. =4.= _Ohio Hort. Soc. Rpt._, =1885-6=:169. =5.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._, =1889=:24. =6.= _N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt._, =9=:331. 1890. =7.= _Rural N. Y._, =53=:616, 645. 1894. =8.= _N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt._, =17=:531, 541, 548, 552. 1898. F. B. HAYES (7). FRANCIS B. HAYES (3, 4). _Francis B. Hayes_ (2, 6). _Moore's No. 31_ (2).