The Grateful Dead: The History of a Folk StoryGerould, Gordon Hall
General
The Grateful Dead: The History of a Folk Story
Gerould, Gordon Hall
Dead -- Folklore; Folk literature -- Themes, motives; Grateful dead (Tale)
The most salient point here is the fact that the maiden is not ransomed
at all, but instead is captured like any other swan-maiden. We have
already met with the theme of The Swan-Maiden in combination with
The Grateful Dead in simple form; [158] but Servian V. has evidently
nothing to do with Simrock VII., since the part played by the borrowed
motive is different in each. In the former it is introduced as the
reward bestowed on the hero by the ghost, while in the latter the
swan-maiden simply replaces the ransomed maiden, as is shown by the
subsequent events of the story, which follow the normal order as far
as she is concerned. The feats by which the hero disenchants her are
essentially like those in Bohemian, Simrock I., and Simrock III.,
though they are differently placed. Probably the introduction of this
new material accounts for the transposition of the ransoming and the
burial, as the latter is in other respects regular. It is curious
to observe that the process of changing about various features, thus
begun, continued in other ways, as in the matter of the signs by which
the hero is recognized by his father-in-law and his wife. These things
go to show, however, that back of the variant must have existed the
compound type in a normal form.
In Simrock V. the thankful beast again appears, but in a less
complicated setting than in the case of Jean de Calais II., VII., and
X., or Simrock II., III., and VIII. A widow's son on his way home from
market pays the debts of a corpse and buries it, thus using all his
money. The next time he goes to market, he gives all his proceeds to
ransom a maiden, whom he marries. She does embroidery to gain money,
and one day holds out a piece of it to the king, who is passing. He
recognizes her as his daughter, and accepts the hero as son-in-law. The
young couple start back home for the widow, but on the way the servants
cast the young man into the sea. He escapes, however, to an island,
where he is fed by an eagle. Later the eagle declares itself to be
the ghost of the dead man, and brings its benefactor to court.
Oldenburgian is a similar tale. A merchant's son while on a voyage pays
thirty dollars to bury a man, and also buys a captive princess with
her maid. Though ill-received by his father on his return, he marries
the girl. Later he goes on another voyage, with his wife's portrait
as the figure-head of his ship. This is recognized by the king, who
sends him back for the princess in the company of a minister. The
latter pitches him overboard, goes on for the princess, and does not
tell her of her loss till they arrive at court. She finally consents
to marry the traitor after five years. Meanwhile, the hero lives on an
island, whither on the day appointed for the princess's bridal comes
the ghost of the dead in the form of a snow-white dove. It takes him
to the court, where he is recognized by a ring, a gift from his bride,
which he drops into a cup that she offers him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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