[175] M. Edmond Bloud quotes this remark of a German nationalist, which might have been made on the French side of the Rhine: ‘The Catholic world must be nationalized to re-Catholicize it.’ He adds that in Germany it is common to hear ‘German Catholicism’ spoken of in opposition to Roman Catholicism. [176] And therefore it requires much more courage to do so now than in the past. [177] Nevertheless, Zola, Romain Rolland, and Einstein have drunk the hemlock. [178] When they allow themselves to be told, as Louis XVI was told by Turgot: ‘Sire, your kingdom _is of this world_.’ There also exists ‘_a betrayal of the laymen_’. [179] Mgr Battifol’s writings support my argument so beautifully that I hesitate to quote an author who plays so perfectly into my hands. For example, he spends much time in proving that the spirit of Christianity ‘has resulted, without contradicting itself, in a doctrine of the morality of war’. [180] Here is a passage which, except for its violence, seems to me to express the feelings of most modern laymen on the subject of the patriotic loyalty of the priests: ‘The clergy of France is ardently patriotic; it serves gallantly under fire; it absolves and glorifies every action of the soldier; it regards the accusation of having deserted military duty as infamous, and does it justice. It is not for me to say whether it is in accord with the Gospels. We are simply Frenchmen and patriots; we can only approve and admire the French patriotic monks and priests. The French priest has no pardon for a German, the German priest and pastor have no pardon for a Frenchman. Mother-country first! Kill! Kill! In the name of the God of the Christians, we absolve you, we glorify you for killing Christians!’ (Urbain Gohier, ‘La Vieille France,’ quoted by Grillot de Givry, _Le Christ et la Patrie_, page 12.) [181] This clearly shows in what sense Renouvier is an ‘individualist’. [182] See his hymn to the mathematician Franz Woepfke. [183] Jules Lemaître was explicitly this adversary. [184] ‘For an empirical France,’ say Barrès and Bourget. [185] ‘Note sur M. Bergson et la philosophie bergsonienne,’ Cahiers de la Quinzaine. See my book, _Sur le Succès du Bergsonisme_, page 158.