The Great Musicians: PurcellCummings, William Hayman
History
The Great Musicians: Purcell
Cummings, William Hayman
Purcell, Henry, 1659-1695
"Of all the instruments that are,
None with the viol can compare.
Mark how the strings their order keep
With a whet, whet, whet, and a sweep, sweep, sweep.
But above all this still abounds
With a zingle, zingle, zing, and a zit zan zounds."
In 1680 Dr. Blow magnanimously resigned the appointment of organist of
Westminster Abbey in favour of Purcell,[26] who thus became possessed
of one of the most distinguished musical positions in the kingdom at
the early age of twenty-two.
In the same year Purcell composed the music for Lee's tragedy,
_Theodosius, or the Force of Love_. It was performed at the Duke's
Theatre, and the music of the songs was soon after published by Bently
as an Appendix to the play. He also wrote music for D'Urfey's comedy,
_The Virtuous Wife_, and two odes, the first, addressed to the Duke of
York, entitled "An Ode or Welcome Song for his Royal Highness on his
Return from Scotland," and the second called "A Song to Welcome Home
His Majesty from Windsor."
But the most remarkable work of Purcell in this year (1680) was the
composition of the opera _Dido and Æneas_, usually ascribed to his
seventeenth year, 1675, a complete mistake. An original copy of the
libretto still exists, with the following title, "An Opera performed at
Mr. Josias Priest's Boarding-school at Chelsey, by young gentlewomen,
the words made by Mr. Nat. Tate. The musick composed by Mr. Henry
Purcell."
That this was the first performance is tolerably certain, for we find
in D'Urfey's _New Poems_, 1690, "An Epilogue to the Opera of _Dido and
Æneas_, performed at Mr. Priest's Boarding-school at Chelsey: spoken
by the Lady Dorothy Burk." We know that Priest removed to Chelsey
in 1680 by an advertisement in the _London Gazette_, November 25th,
1680: "Josias Priest, dancing-master, who kept a boarding-school of
gentlewomen in Leicester-fields, is removed to the great school-house
at Chelsey, that was Mr. Portman's. There will continue the same
masters and others to the improvement of the said school."
_Dido and Æneas_ will always remain a monument to Purcell's
extraordinary genius; it is in perfect opera form, with an entire
absence of dialogue, the whole of the libretto being set in recitative,
solos, duets, and chorus. The opera is short, yet we cannot but
recognise the fact that had there been a public demand for absolute
music-drama, or even a proper appreciation of a work cast in such a
mould, the composer had arisen who possessed the necessary genius,
inspiration, and feeling for building up a school of opera which would
have proved a model for his own and succeeding generations, but the
time was not ripe for such a development. Purcell, like many other
gifted mortals, lived before his time, and thus his perfect specimen of
music-drama remains unique: so far as we know he never attempted such
another work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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