The Great Musicians: PurcellCummings, William Hayman
History
The Great Musicians: Purcell
Cummings, William Hayman
Purcell, Henry, 1659-1695
The year 1684 is notable for the remarkable organ competition at the
Temple Church, in which the two great organ-builders of the day,
Father Smith and Renatus Harris, exhibited their skill by erecting
rival organs for the approval of the benchers of the Temple, and which
eventually resulted in the selection and retention of the splendid
instrument built by Smith. The organ then chosen is still standing
in the church, and eloquently proclaims the fame of its builder.
How far Smith's success was due to the judicious choice he made of
organists to show off the qualities and varieties of his stops, it is
only possible now to guess, but certainly no more skilful performers
could have been found than Dr. Blow and Henry Purcell. Smith's rival,
Harris, was also fortunate in obtaining the services of John Baptist
Draghi, the friend of Purcell previously mentioned, and whose skill
and popularity as an organist contemporary records frequently mention.
Smith's organ had the singular advantage of possessing keys for two
extra quarter-tones in each octave, which enabled the performer to
use distinct pitches or sounds for G sharp and A flat, and also for
D sharp and E flat. Those who are familiar with Purcell's sacred
music will readily understand what use he would have made of these
additional facilities for modulating into remote keys. In his anthems
he frequently wrote chords which must have sounded most crude and harsh
on all the keyed instruments of his day, tuned as they were on unequal
temperament. Purcell, we know, was on very intimate terms with Smith,
who was not only an organ-builder, but also an organist,[31] and it is
quite probable that it was at Purcell's suggestion that he added the
quarter-tones which constituted so remarkable a feature in the Temple
organ. In 1684 Purcell composed yet another "Ode, or Welcome Song, on
the King's return to Whitehall after his summer's progress;" the words,
commencing, "From these serene and rapturous joys," were written by
Thomas Flatman.
In 1685 Purcell was actively concerned in superintending the erection
of an organ in Westminster Abbey expressly for the coronation of James
II. and his queen. On April 23rd he was paid the sum of 34_l._ 12_s._
for his services out of the "secret service money." This organ was
evidently a small instrument erected just behind the seats occupied
by the "King's Choir of Vocal Music," who sat in a gallery in front
of and under a south chancel arch, the second from the transept,
whilst opposite them, in a similar gallery, were placed the "King's
Instrumental Musick." For the coronation service Purcell produced two
anthems, "I was Glad," and "My Heart is Inditing," but it would seem
that he did not officiate at the organ, for we find that "Purcell,
Blow, Child, and Staggins," sang with the basses in the choir on that
occasion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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